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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2008.tde-17082009-091300
Document
Author
Full name
Gerson Hiroshi de Godoy Nakamura
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Baldochi, Sonia Licia (President)
Hernandes, Antonio Carlos
Mazzocchi, Vera Lucia
Title in Portuguese
Análise térmica e equilíbrios de fase no sistema BaF2 - YF3
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise Térmica
Diagramas de Fase
Difração de raios-X
Fluoretos
Abstract in Portuguese
Realizou-se, neste trabalho, uma investigação do sistema binário BaF2-YF3 com o objetivo de esclarecer o comportamento térmico e os equilíbrios de fase em torno do composto BaY2F8, um requisito importante para a obtenção de cristais de alta qualidade. Diversas amostras mistas de composições entre 58 e 80 mol% YF3 foram sintetizadas mediante fusão sob atmosfera reativa; os fluoretos de partida foram obtidos através da hidrofluorinação de óxido de ítrio e de carbonato de bário de alta pureza. Empregou-se análise térmica diferencial, calorimetria exploratória diferencial, termogravimetria, difração de raios-X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva para caracterizar as amostras. Experiências de crescimento de cristais pelo método da fusão por zona também foram realizadas para examinar o diagrama de fases do sistema. Devido à grande vulnerabilidade do YF3 à contaminação por oxigênio e do problema da sobreposição dos eventos térmicos que ocorrem próximos à fusão do BaY2F8, antes de ser possível investigar o sistema em si através de análise térmica foi necessário determinar as condições ótimas para os ensaios com estas técnicas. O método de Rietveld foi empregado para determinação quantitativa das fases presentes nas amostras a partir dos difratogramas correspondentes, e para o cálculo dos parâmetros de rede do BaY2F8. Foram observadas importantes discrepâncias entre os resultados obtidos através das várias técnicas de caracterização e os diagramas de fase encontrados na literatura: foram detectadas diferenças nas temperaturas de transições de fase e encontrou-se evidências de que o BaY2F8 funde incongruentemente. Com base nestes resultados, propôs-se um diagrama de fases parcial do sistema que engloba a faixa de composições estudada no trabalho e que leva em consideração as discrepâncias observadas.
Title in English
Thermal Analysis and Phase Equilibria in the BaF2-YF3 System
Keywords in English
Análise Térmica
Diagramas de Fase
Difração de raios-X
Fluoretos
Abstract in English
An investigation of the BaF2-YF3 binary system was performed in this work with the objective of clarifying the thermal behavior and phase equilibria surrounding the BaY2F8 compound, an important requisite for obtaining high quality crystals. Several mixed samples of compositions ranging between 58 and 80 mol% YF3 were synthesized under a reactive atmosphere; the starting compounds were obtained through the hydrofluorination of high purity yttrium oxide and barium carbonate. Differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed in order to characterize the samples. Crystal growth through the zone melting method was also performed in order to examine the systems phase diagram. An assessment of the optimal experimental conditions for thermal analysis was required prior to the investigation of the system itself due to the strong vulnerability of YF3 to oxygen contamination and the problem of the overlapping of thermal events near the melting of BaY2F8. The Rietveld method was used for the quantitative determination of the phases present in the samples based on the corresponding diffraction patterns, and for the calculation of BaY2F8s lattice parameters. Important discrepancies between results from the many characterization techniques and the phase diagrams found in the literature were observed: differences in the phase transition temperatures were detected and evidence that BaY2F8 melts incongruently was found. A partial phase diagram that cover the composition range studied in this work and which reflects the observed discrepancies was proposed based on these results.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-08-18
 
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