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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.85.2018.tde-15082018-145627
Document
Author
Full name
Viviane Francisca Borges
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Gatti, Luciana Vanni (President)
Alvala, Plinio Carlos
Aquino, Afonso Rodrigues de
Souza, Ronald Buss de
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização da distribuição dos gases de efeito estufa na costa norte/nordeste do Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
concentração
costa brasileira
gases de efeito estufa
Abstract in Portuguese
Para se determinar o balanço dos Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) na Amazônia é necessário se conhecer a concentração de entrada destes gases nas massas de ar que chegaram à costa Norte/Nordeste brasileira, provenientes do Oceano Atlântico. Esta foi a principal motivação deste estudo, que abrangeu o período de 2006 até 2017. Amostras de ar atmosférico foram coletadas semanalmente em Arembepe/BA (ABP), Salinópolis/PA (SAL), Natal/RN (NAT), Camocim/CE (CAM) e Itarema/CE (ITA), totalizando 1762 amostras. As amostras de ar foram analisadas quantificando os gases: dióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4), óxido nitroso (N2O), hexafluoreto de enxofre (SF6) e monóxido de carbono (CO). A posição geográfica de cada local de estudo determinou como cada um deles pôde ser influenciado pelo deslocamento da Zona de Convergência Intertropical. Esta influência pôde ser confirmada pelas simulações das trajetórias das massas de ar retrocedentes. Em SAL, CAM e ITA, as massas de ar foram provenientes do Oceano Atlântico Norte e Sul, dependendo da época do ano, já em NAT e ABP as massas de ar foram provenientes apenas do Oceano Atlântico Sul. Foi observado ainda que cada local de estudo apresentou sazonalidade quando comparado às estações de monitoramento global de GEE. SAL, CAM e ITA apresentaram concentrações dos GEE mais elevadas entre janeiro a maio, comportamento semelhante à estação global de Barbados, e no restante do ano, as concentrações foram similares à estação global de Ascension, assim como observado em NAT e ABP, onde as concentrações foram mais baixas e homogêneas durante todo o ano. Durante todo o período de estudo, todos os GEE apresentaram aumento nas concentrações ano após ano, acompanhando o mesmo padrão de aumento observado nas concentrações médias globais.
Title in English
Characterization of distribution of the greenhouse gases in the north/northeast coast of Brazil
Keywords in English
brazilian coast
concentration
greenhouse gases
Abstract in English
In order to determine greenhouse gases balances (GHG) for Amazon, it is necessary to know the air masses concentration of GHG that arriving in the North / Northeast coast from the Atlantic Ocean. This was the main motivation of this study, which covered the period from 2006 to 2017. Atmospheric air samples were collected weekly at Arembepe/BA (ABP), Salinópolis/PA (SAL), Natal/RN (NAT), Camocim/CE (CAM) and Itarema/CE (ITA), totaling 1762 samples. The air samples were analyzed quantifying the gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and carbon monoxide (CO). The geographical position of each study site to determined how each of them could be influenced by the displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This influence could be confirmed by simulation of the air masses trajectories. At SAL, CAM and ITA, the air masses came from North and South Atlantic Ocean, depending on the time of the year, and at NAT and ABP the air masses came from only of the South Atlantic Ocean. In these sense, the results showed that each study site presented seasonality when compared to the GHG monitoring global stations. SAL, CAM and ITA showed highest GHG concentrations between January and May, similar behavior with Barbados global station, and, in the rest of the year, the concentrations were similar with Ascension global station, as observed in NAT and ABP, where the concentrations were lowest and homogeneous throughout the year. During the period of the study, all GHG showed increase on its concentrations year by year, following the same standards of increasing observed on the global average concentrations.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-09-19
 
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