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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2001.tde-29052003-092313
Document
Author
Full name
Luiz Alberto Macedo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2001
Supervisor
Committee
Baptista Filho, Benedito Dias (President)
Balino, Jorge Luis
Guimarães, Lamartine Nogueira Frutuoso
Title in Portuguese
Controle de Sistemas Passivos de Resfriamento de Emergência de Reatores Nucleares por Meio de Linhas de Desvio
Keywords in Portuguese
circulação natural
reatores avançados
sistema passivo
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho são apresentados resultados experimentais, de um circuito operando em circulação natural, que permitem analisar o comportamento de um sistema de resfriamento de emergência quando é aberta uma linha de desvio entre a fonte quente e a fonte fria. O trabalho tem ainda a importância de documentar os testes de caracterização hidráulica do circuito experimental, fornecendo inclusive os fatores de perda de pressão específicos para o circuito. Observou-se que, para uma mesma potência, quando é aberta a linha de desvio, a temperatura na saída da fonte quente aumenta substancialmente. Esse aumento ocorre porque a vazão através do aquecedor diminui. A vazão através do trocador de calor (fonte fria) aumenta ligeiramente, sendo sempre a soma das vazões na linha de desvio e no aquecedor. O trabalho mostra ainda que a posição de conexão da linha de desvio com a perna quente determina o sentido de escoamento, podendo ocorrer a inversão a partir de uma determinada cota. Para comprovar a possibilidade de simulação precisa dos experimentos foi ainda desenvolvido um modelo numérico das equações de conservação, utilizando o programa “Engineering Equation Solver" (EES). Esse modelo foi utilizado para reproduzir os experimentos de circulação natural pelo circuito externo.
Title in English
Control of Emergency Cooling Passive Systems of Nuclear Reactors by Bypass Lines
Keywords in English
advanced reactors
natural circulation
passive systems
Abstract in English
This work presents experimental results of a circuit when operating in natural circulation. These results allow to analyze the behavior of an emergency core cooling system when a bypass line that connects the hot source with the cold source is opened. This work also reports the hydraulic characterization of the experimental loop, given geometric and hydraulic data including experimental friction factors specific to this circuit. It was observed that, to a fixed thermal power, when the bypass line is opened, the heater outlet temperature increases. This temperature increase is due to the decrease in the flow rate through the heater. The heat exchanger's flow rate is subjected to a small increase. This flow rate is the sum of the bypass line and heater mass flow rates. This work also shows that the vertical position of the connection of the bypass line in the hot-leg determines the flow direction in the bypass line. If the bypass line connection is in the lowest position, the flow is from the cold to the hot-leg. If the bypass connection is in the highest position, the flow is from the hot to the cold-leg. A numerical model used to evaluate friction factors and heat transfer coefficients influence was developed. It was used to confirm the possibility of precise experiments simulation. The conservation equations are solved using “Engineering Equation Solver" (EES), a thermal hydraulics analysis tool. The model was adjusted with natural circulation experimental data and was tested with results of natural circulation without bypass lines.
 
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Publishing Date
2004-07-16
 
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