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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.85.2018.tde-23032018-141457
Document
Author
Full name
Graciete Simoes de Andrade e Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Adimir dos (President)
Carluccio, Thiago
Deppman, Airton
Diniz, Ricardo
Rossi, Pedro Carlos Russo
Title in Portuguese
Experimentos no reator IPEN/MB-01 com refletores de aço inoxidável, aço carbono e níquel
Keywords in Portuguese
efeito de reatividade
ENDF/B-VII.0
IPEN/MB-01
refletor pesado
Abstract in Portuguese
Os experimentos com refletores nucleares de material pesado foram realizados no reator IPEN/MB-01 utilizando-se chapas de aço inoxidável, de aço carbono ou de níquel, num total de 32 chapas de cada material, inseridas adequadamente na face oeste do núcleo do reator. As chapas têm cerca de 3 mm de espessura. A largura e comprimento axial foram suficientes para cobrir todo o núcleo ativo do reator. Tais experimentos foram realizados com cada tipo de material refletor individualmente. Para cada etapa de colocação de chapas foram efetuadas medidas da reatividade devido à inserção destas no núcleo; bem como da posição crítica das barras de controle com BC1 e BC2 igualmente retiradas. Pôde ser observado que o aumento da absorção de nêutrons e consequente diminuição da moderação de nêutrons dominaram toda a física do problema quando foram inseridas poucas chapas de material refletor (cerca de 5 chapas para o aço inoxidável e aço carbono, e 3 chapas no caso do níquel). Na sequência, a reflexão de nêutrons tornou-se importante superando a absorção neutrônica; a reatividade aumentou até ultrapassar a situação sem chapa (excesso de reatividade zero) obtendo-se um acréscimo (ganho líquido) de reatividade com as 32 chapas inseridas (cerca de 162 pcm no caso do aço inoxidável, 37 pcm para o aço carbono e 295 pcm para o níquel). Portanto, observou-se que o núcleo refletido tornou-se mais reativo do que o núcleo sem material refletor. Resultados experimentais inéditos de medidas de reatividade foram obtidos com refletores de níquel. No que concerne a esse tipo de experimento não existe experimento similar na literatura internacional ao realizado no reator IPEN/MB-01. A análise teórica empregando o MCNP-5 e a biblioteca de dados nucleares ENDF/B-VII.0 evidenciou os aspectos físicos de absorção e reflexão de nêutrons nas chapas de material refletor considerados; entretanto apresentou uma discrepância quando a reflexão de nêutrons rápidos domina o fenômeno físico do transporte de nêutrons. Essas tendências foram encontradas independentemente do tipo de refletor pesado empregado nos experimentos.
Title in English
IPEN/MB-01 reactor experiments with stainless steel, carbon steel, and nickel reflectors
Keywords in English
ENDF/B-VII.0
heavy reflector
IPEN/MB-01
reactivity effect
Abstract in English
Experiments with heavy-material nuclear reflectors were performed in the IPEN / MB-01 reactor using stainless steel, carbon steel or nickel plates, in a total of 32 plates of each material, properly inserted in the western face of the reactor core. The plates are about 3 mm thick. The axial width and length were sufficient to cover the entire active core of the reactor. Such experiments were performed with each type of reflective material individually. For each step of placement of plates were made measures of reactivity due to the insertion of these in the core; as well as the critical position of the BC1 and BC2 control rods also removed. It could be observed that the increase in neutron absorption and consequent decrease in neutron moderation dominated the whole physics of the problem when a few reflective material plates were inserted (about 5 plates for stainless steel and carbon steel and 3 plates for nickel). Subsequently, neutron reflection has become important overcoming neutron absorption; the reactivity increased until it exceeded the situation without plate (excess of zero reactivity) obtaining an increase (net gain) of reactivity with 32 inserts inserted (about 162 pcm in the case of stainless steel, 37 pcm for carbon steel and 295 pcm for nickel). Therefore, it was observed that the reflected core became more reactive than the core without reflective material. Unpublished experimental results of reactivity measurements were obtained with nickel reflectors. As for this type of experiment, there is no similar experiment in the international literature compared to the IPEN/MB-01 reactor. The theoretical analysis using the MCNP-5 together with nuclear data library ENDF/B-VII.0 evidenced the physical aspects of neutron absorption and reflection in the reflective material plates considered; however, it presented a discrepancy when the reflection of fast neutrons dominates the physical phenomenon of the transport of neutrons. These trends were found independently of the type of the heavy reflector employed in the experiments.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-04-11
 
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