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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2008.tde-28092009-150816
Document
Author
Full name
Vanessa Miguel Cardoso
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Duarte, Celina Lopes (President)
Higa, Olga Zazuco
Santos, Wanderley Dantas dos
Title in Portuguese
Aplicação da radiação de feixe de elétrons com pré-tratamento do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar para hidrólise enzimática da celulose
Keywords in Portuguese
Bagaço de cana-de-açúcar
Degradação de polissacarídeos
Feixe de elétrons
Abstract in Portuguese
A escassez mundial de alimento e fontes de energia tem levado ao interesse de utilização de fontes de biomassa, desse modo o bagaço de canade- açúcar tem sido considerado para ração animal e produção de energia renovável. O bagaço da cana-de-açúcar geralmente contém cerca de 40% de celulose, cerca de 40% de hemicelulose e cerca de 20% de lignina. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da irradiação com feixe de elétrons como um pré-tratamento do bagaço-de-cana para o processo enzimático de hidrólise de celulose. As amostras de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar foram obtidas na Fazenda Iracema em Piracicaba, Brasil, com a colaboração do Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira e foram irradiadas usando Acelerador Industrial de Feixe de Elétrons de 1,5 MeV de energia e 25 mA da Radiation Dynamics Inc., USA., em sistema de batelada. O bagaço de cana da primeira amostragem, denominado Bagaço A, foi irradiado com doses absorvidas de 20 kGy, 50 kGy, 100 kGy, 150 kGy e 200 kGy e o da segunda amostragem, Bagaço B, foi irradiado com doses absorvidas de 5 kGy, 10 kGy, 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 50 kGy, 70 kGy, 100 kGy e 150 kGy. O processamento com feixe de elétrons levou a alterações na estrutura e na composição do bagaço de cana, foi responsável pela clivagem parcial da lignina, pela redução na celulose de alto peso molecular e também pelo aumento da celulose degradada. A radiação levou a um aumentou em cerca de 40% no rendimento da hidrólise enzimática da celulose para uma dose absorvida de 30 kGy.
Title in English
ELECTRON BEAM APPLICATION AS PRETREATMENT OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE TO ENZIMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF CELLULOSE
Keywords in English
Bagaço de cana-de-açúcar
Degradação de polissacarídeos
Feixe de elétrons
Abstract in English
Due to increasing worldwide shortage of food and energy sources, sugarcane bagasse has been considered as a substrate for single cell protein, animal feed, and renewable energy production. Sugarcane bagasse generally contain up to 45% glucose polymer cellulose, much of which is in a crystalline structure, 40% hemicelluloses, an amorphous polymer usually composed of xilose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and mannose and 20% lignin, which cannot be easily separated into readily utilizable components due to their recalcitrant nature. Pure cellulose is readily depolymerised by radiation, but in biomass the cellulose is intimately bonded with lignin, that protect it from radiation effects. The objective of this study was the evaluation of the electron beam irradiation efficiency as a pre-treatment to enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in order to facilitate its fermentation and improves the production of ethanol biofuel. Samples of sugarcane bagasse were obtained in sugar/ethanol Mill sited in Piracicaba, Brazil, and were irradiated using Radiation Dynamics Electron Beam Accelerator with 1,5MeV energy and 37kW, in batch systems. The applied absorbed doses of the fist sampling, Bagasse A, were 20 kGy, 50 kGy, 10 0 kGy and 200 kGy. After the evaluation the preliminary obtained results, it was applied lower absorbed doses in the second assay: 5 kGy, 10 kGy, 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 50 kGy, 70 kGy, 100 kGy and 150 kGy. The electron beam processing took to changes in the sugarcane bagasse structure and composition, lignin and cellulose cleavage. The yield of enzymatic hydrolyzes of cellulose in
 
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Publishing Date
2009-10-07
 
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