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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2014.tde-23012015-145547
Document
Author
Full name
Fernando Mantovani Kondo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Calvo, Wilson Aparecido Parejo (President)
Araujo, Sumair Gouveia de
Miranda, Leila Figueiredo de
Title in Portuguese
Estudo do efeito da radiação ionizante na utilização dos catalisadores desativados de craqueamento
Keywords in Portuguese
catalisador
extração
feixe de elétrons
metais
raios gama
Abstract in Portuguese
Catalisador é uma substância que altera a velocidade de uma reação. Na indústria do petróleo os catalisadores mais utilizados são os catalisadores de Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) e Hidrocatalytic Cracking (HCC) cada qual utilizado em uma determinada etapa do processo. Esses catalisadores são usados para facilitar a quebra das cadeias moleculares que darão origem a uma mistura de hidrocarbonetos. Contudo, o catalisador perde progressivamente sua atividade, seja pela mudança de sua estrutura molecular original ou pela sua contaminação provenientes de outras moléculas do petróleo. A aplicação das radiações ionizantes (feixe de elétrons e raios gama) nesses catalisadores desativados foi estudada para auxiliar na extração de metais ou terras-raras de alto valor agregado. Nos ensaios realizados com os catalisadores de FCC utilizaram-se das técnicas de irradiação por 60Co e por feixe de elétrons (EB) e tiveram como estudo a extração do lantânio (La2O3), a regeneração e utilização desses catalisadores. Entretanto, o uso da radiação ionizante não contribuiu nesses processos. Já nos catalisadores de HCC foi utilizado a irradiação por feixe de elétrons e como estudo a extração do molibdênio (MoO3). Na temperatura em torno de 750°C nesses catalisadores irradiados do leito inferior obteve-se um rendimento de extração duas vezes maior em comparação aos não irradiados, ou seja de 57,65% e 26,24% respectivamente.
Title in English
Study of the effect of ionizing radiation for utilization of spent cracking catalysts
Keywords in English
catalyst
eléctron beam
extraction
gamma rays
metals
Abstract in English
Catalyst is a substance that changes the rate of a reaction. In the petroleum industry the commonly catalysts are used for Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) and Hidrocatalytic Cracking (HCC), which one applied in a specific stage. These catalysts are used to facilitate the molecular chains cracking which will generate a mixture of hydrocarbons. However, the catalyst gradually loses its activity, either by changing its original molecular structure or by its contamination from other petroleum molecules. The application of ionizing radiation (electron beam and gamma rays) over these spent catalysts was studied to contribute with the extraction of metals or rare-earths of high added-value. Tests carried out with FCC catalysts were used the techniques of 60Co irradiation and electron beam (EB) and had as a subject the extraction of lanthanum (La2O3), regeneration and utilization of these catalysts. However, the use of ionizing radiation has not contributed in these processes. Meanwhile with HCC catalysts the irradiation used was electron beam and had as a subject the extraction of molybdenum (MoO3). In temperature around 750°C, these irradiated catalysts of the lower region have an extraction yield twice higher compared to non-irradiated ones, in other words 57.65% and 26.24% respectively.
 
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2014KondoEstudo.pdf (17.90 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2015-03-04
 
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