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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.84.2007.tde-13112009-113157
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Ruiz Melchert
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Balbachevsky, Elizabeth (President)
Alves, Aloisio Pinto
Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de
Kon, Anita
Pires, Julio Manuel
Title in Portuguese
Uma análise das políticas públicas de apoio às micros e pequenas empresas na América Latina: casos do Brasil e do Chile
Keywords in Portuguese
economia
Estado
pequenas empresas
políticas públicas
Abstract in Portuguese
No final do século XX, as empresas latino-americanas foram inseridas em um ambiente de competitividade internacional - devido à consolidação das reformas neoliberais, o processo de abertura econômica e a estabilização monetária e com isso tornou-se necessário buscar ganhos de produtividade associados à redução de custos. Diante deste cenário e visto que as empresas de micro e pequeno porte sempre tiveram um importante papel nas economias latinas, no que se refere à geração de emprego e renda, o auxílio do Estado por meio de políticas públicas de apoio torna-se fundamental, principalmente no atendimento de suas necessidades mais prementes como o crédito facilitado, tributação diferenciada e capacitação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, no período de 1998 a 2003, o impacto dessas políticas, mediante uma correlação com as variáveis de desempenho das MPEs número de estabelecimentos e empregos; total de vendas anuais; vendas anuais por empresa e por empregado - no Brasil e no Chile. Para realizar esta análise, inicialmente, recorremos aos autores clássicos do pensamento econômico os quais destacam, diretamente ou indiretamente, questões pertinentes as MPEs. A partir daí, estas são inseridas no cenário econômico latino-americano e então, busca-se delimitá-las nas economias brasileira e chilena, bem como as políticas públicas aplicadas a este porte de empresa. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi de pesquisa bibliográfica e quantitativa. Os métodos de procedimento foram comparativos e estatísticos, tendo como base a técnica de documentação indireta. Como resultado do trabalho pode-se afirmar que é verdadeira a hipótese levantada na pesquisa, ou seja, que as políticas públicas de apoio às MPEs geram impactos positivos no desempenho das empresas na economia.
Keywords in English
economy
public politics
small businesses
State
Abstract in English
In the end of the 20th century, the Latin-American companies were inserted in an atmosphere of international competition - due to the consolidation of the neoliberal reforms, the process of economical opening and the monetary stabilization - and with that it became necessary to look for won of productivity associated to the reduction of costs. Before this scenery and considering the fact that the micro and small companies had always had an important role in the Latin economy, concerning the employment creation and income, the aid of the State through public politics of support becomes fundamental, mainly in the service of their more pressing needs as the facilitated credit, differentiated taxation and training. Like this, the objective of this work is to analyze, in the period from 1998 to 2003, the impact of these politics, by a correlation with the variables of acting of small businesses - number of establishments and jobs; total of annual sales; annual sales for company and for employee - in Brazil and in Chile. To accomplish this analysis, initially, we fell back upon the classic authors of the economical thought which highlight direct or indirectly pertinent subjects small businesses. Since then, these are inserted in the Latin- American economical scenery and then, it is looked for to delimit them in the Brazilian and Chilean savings, as well as the applied public politics to this company load. The methodology used in this work was bibliographical and quantitative research. The procedure methods were comparative and statistical, tends as base the technique of indirect documentation. As a result of the work, it can be claimed that the hypothesis lifted up in the research is true, in other words, that the public politics of support to the small businesses generate positive impacts in the acting of the companies in the economy.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-01-22
 
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