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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.81.2019.tde-10122019-185057
Document
Author
Full name
Raissa Martins Idalgo e Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Porto, Paulo Alves (President)
Baldinato, José Otavio
Trindade, Lais dos Santos Pinto
Title in Portuguese
As demonstrações e experimentos químicos no Chemical Catechism de Samuel Parkes (1761-1825)
Keywords in Portuguese
Samuel Parkes; Chemical Catechism; divulgação científica; divulgação da química; história da química.
Abstract in Portuguese
No final do século XVIII e início do século XIX, manifestava-se na Grã-Bretanha um enorme entusiasmo pela ciência. Instituições como a Royal Institution foram fundadas com o objetivo de difundir o conhecimento por meio de palestras e demonstrações públicas de experimentos. Além do interesse pela utilidade no desenvolvimento de ofícios e produções, as maravilhas da ciência atraíam diferentes tipos de público, que viam as demonstrações como um passatempo divertido. Também conquistaram o gosto do público os livros de divulgação dos mais diversos ramos da filosofia natural, incluindo a química. Uma dessas obras de divulgação de maior sucesso foi o Chemical Catechism, de Samuel Parkes, publicado originalmente na Inglaterra em 1806, e que foi objeto de reedições e traduções em diversos países. O conteúdo químico apresentado nessa obra é abordado na forma de perguntas e respostas curtas, complementadas por extensas notas de rodapé, que apresentavam objetivos diversos. Um desses objetivos era guiar o tutor a fazer demonstrações e experimentos para os alunos, a fim de reforçar a parte catequética e convencê-los do caráter prático da ciência. Tendo como referencial a contemporânea historiografia da ciência, esta dissertação procurou contextualizar e caracterizar a forma como essas demonstrações e experimentos foram apresentados na obra de Parkes, bem como a sua importância para a divulgação da química no período.
Title in English
The Chemical Demonstrations and Experiments in Samuel Parkes' Chemical Catechism (1761-1825)
Keywords in English
Samuel Parkes; Chemical Catechism; popularization of science; popularization of chemistry; history of chemistry.
Abstract in English
In the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century, there was a great enthusiasm for science in Britain. Institutions such as the Royal Institution were founded with the aim of spreading knowledge through lectures and public demonstrations of experiments. In addition to the interest in usefulness in the development of occupations and manufacturing, the wonders of science attracted different types of audiences, who saw demonstrations as entertainment. Also popular with the public were the popularizing books on the most diverse branches of natural philosophy, including chemistry. One of the most successful works of popularization was Samuel Parkes' Chemical Catechism, originally published in England in 1806, which was reprinted and translated in several other countries. The chemical content presented in this book is shown in the form of short questions and answers, complemented by extensive footnotes, which had different objectives. One of these aims was to guide the tutor in making demonstrations and experiments for students in order to reinforce the catechetical part of the book and convince them of the practicality of science. Having as a reference the contemporary historiography of science, this dissertation sought to contextualize and characterize the way these demonstrations and experiments were presented in Parkes' work, as well as their importance for the dissemination of chemistry in the period.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-20
 
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