A Antologia do conto russo, publicada pela Editôra Lux Ltda. no início dos anos 1960 e organizada por Otto Maria Carpeaux, é a primeira tradução de contos russos realizada diretamente da língua de origem. Este estudo resgata as informações e a situação em que essa coletânea de textos foi criada, numa tentativa de remontar seu contexto histórico, momento literário e mercado editorial, buscando hipóteses que auxiliem no entendimento dos aparatos que a constituem, num esforço de aproximação do escasso material de divulgação localizado sobre obra, editora e organizador pesquisado nos periódicos da época e constante dos anexos , numa reflexão sobre os laços de interesse existentes entre o Brasil e a União Soviética.

The Anthology of Russian Short Stories, edited by Otto Maria Carpeaux and published in the early 1960s by Editôra Lux Ltda, marks the first time Russian short stories were published from direct translation of the original language to Portuguese. This study retrieved information about the Brazilian historical and literary context as well as its publishing market during the time the work was created in an effort to promote a better understanding of how it was influenced by them. The presented information about the work, publisher and editor )included in the attachments( was searched in the sparse number of publishing advertisements in the newspapers and magazines that circulated during that time. It allows a better understanding of the works content and promotes a deeper reflection on the common interests and relationship between Brazil and the USSR.