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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2007.tde-01112007-150250
Document
Author
Full name
Valdeci Batista de Melo Oliveira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Lopondo, Lilian (President)
Bastazin, Vera Lúcia
Bridi, Marlise Vaz
Cury, José João
Silveira, Francisco Maciel
Title in Portuguese
A catábase épica (?) n'O Inferno de Bernardo Santareno
Keywords in Portuguese
Bernardo Santareno
Documentário
Drama
Paródia
Teatro épico
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente estudo volta-se para a construção estética do drama documental O Inferno (1967) de Bernardo Santareno. Esta peça tem por argumento outra peça, de fato encenada empiricamente nas barras de um tribunal do júri que, em 1966, acusa, julga e condena os réus Ian Brady e Myra Hindley, etiquetados pelas mídias por "amantes diabólicos". Ambos foram protagonistas de malfadados sucessos ocorridos na Grã-Bretanha, daquela época. Com zelo cruel, eles assassinaram o adolescente homossexual Edward Evans, de 17 anos, e duas crianças: uma judia Lesley Ann Downey de 10 anos e, outra negra John Kilbride de 12 anos. Que forças teriam, pois, motivado esse fatídico casal inglês a cometer tais atrocidades? Essa pergunta animou a enunciação das mídias inglesas, que exploraram à farta esses episódios no fito de noticiar espetacularmente os fatos empíricos. Assim, na medida em que as histórias sobre as perversidades macabras dos "nascidos para matar", Ian Brady e Myra Hindley, eram divulgadas, acendia-se a comoção e o clamor da opinião pública, que recobriu essas figuras com a película da monstruosidade. Esse processo de patemização ajudou a tingir os fatos empíricos com a coloração ideológica, que deles abstraiu o caráter histórico-social e circunstancial do fenômeno. Será, portanto, navegando a contrapelo da patemização midiática e, ao mesmo tempo, incorporando-o de forma paródica que Santareno reconstruirá, em O Inferno, o julgamento dos ilustres amantes Moors Murderers. Dessa maneira, um dos interesses deste estudo é compreender as relações estabelecidas entre o fato empírico e o processo de modelização semiótica por ele sofrido ao ser apropriado pelas mídias. Outro elemento a permitir a interpretação dessa apropriação - forte influenciadora da transformação do casal de amantes em mito na sociedade unidimensional - é a (re)contextualização crítica do mito de Orfeu e Eurídice, de modo que se buscará analisar essa (re)contextualização a partir da leitura dos MoorsMurderers em chave mítica, bem como a persistência desse topos literário na tradição artística ocidental. Por último, pretende-se estudar a construção estética da peça e suas raízes em determinadas convenções estéticas e coordenadas históricas, somadas ao seu cariz metateatral, considerando que os trabalhos do tribunal do júri são reconfigurados, em O Inferno, como uma encenação forense de um drama positivista/naturalista, que enreda e contém outras formas dramáticas, literárias e sociais. As chaves teóricas mestras para a realização deste trabalho são as teorias da linguagem (lingüístico-literária) do Círculo de Mikhail Bakhtin, especialmente no que concerne às concepções dialógica e social da linguagem, associadas aos conceitos de dialogismo, modelização semiótica, polifonia e carnavalização. Acrescenta-se, também, a esse escopo teórico alguns dos postulados teóricos de Theodor Adorno e Horkheimer, de Guy Debord e de outros que discutem a onipresença e o papel das mídias na sociedade unidimensional, assim como os postulados teóricos de Peter Szondi a respeito do drama como forma teatral.
Title in English
The aesthetic construction of the documental drama 'O Inferno' (1967), by Bernardo Santareno
Keywords in English
Bernardo Santareno
Documentary
Drama
Epic theatre
Parody
Abstract in English
This research has set out to investigate the aesthetic construction of the documental drama O Inferno (1967), by Bernardo Santareno. The plot of this play is based on another play that has in fact been empirically staged in the bars of a jury court, which, in 1966, accuses, judges and condemns the defendants Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, labeled by the media as the "diabolic lovers". Both of them were the protagonists of unlucky happenings occurred in the Great Britain of that time. With cruel care, they murdered Edward Evans, a 17-year-old homosexual adolescent, and two children: one black, Lesley Ann Downey, 10 years old, and the other Jewish, John Kilbride, 12 years old. What forces would have, then, motivated this fatidic English couple to commit such atrocities? This question enlivened the English media headlines that intensely explored these episodes; with the purpose of spectacularly inform the empirical facts. Thus, as the stories about the macabre perversity of the "born to kill", Ian Brady and Myra Hindley were spread, people were filled with commotion and the clamour of the public's opinion re-covered these characters with a pellicle of monstrosity. This pathos-driven process helped to dye the empirical facts with the ideological colours that abstracted the historical-social and circumstantial characters of the phenomenon. It will be, therefore, by sailing against the pathos-driven media, and, at the same time by incorporating it in a parodic manner that Santareno shall reconstruct, in O Inferno, the judgment of the illustrious lovers Moors Murderers. In this way, one of the interests of this study is to understand the established relationships between the empirical fact and the semiotic modelization process suffered by such fact when appropriated by the media. Another element to permit the interpretation of such appropriation -strong influencer of the lovers transformation into a myth in the one-dimensional society - is the critical (re)contextualization of the myth of Orpheus and Euridice. Thus, it will be attempted to analyse such (re)contextualization from the mythical key reading of Moors Murderers, as well as the persistence of such literary topos within the artistic western tradition. Finally, it is intended to investigate the aesthetic construction of the play and its roots in specific aesthetic conventions and historical co-ordinations, added to its metatheatre complexion, considering that the work of the Jury Court is reconfigured in O Inferno as a forensic acting of a positivist/naturalist drama that elaborates and contains other dramatic, literary and social forms. The theoretical master keys for the accomplishment of this work are the language theories (linguistic-literary) from the Mikhail Bakhtin?s Circle, specially in respect to the dialogic and social concepts of language, associated to the concepts of dialogism, semiotic modelization, polyphony and carnivalization. It is added to this theoretical skopos some of the theoretical postulations of Theodor Adorno and Horkheimer, Guy Debord and of others who discuss the omnipresence and the role of media in the one-dimensional society, as well as the theoretical postulations of Peter Szondi in respect to drama as a theatrical genre.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-11-09
 
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