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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2015.tde-29072015-123633
Document
Author
Full name
Nanci Espinosa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Purdy, Robert Sean (President)
Cardoso, Mauricio
Valim, Alexandre Busko
Title in Portuguese
Hollywood e a contenção do 'mal': propaganda e legitimação das ações de repressão ao comunismo na era McCarthy, 1947-1954
Keywords in Portuguese
Cinema
Comunismo
Propaganda
Abstract in Portuguese
Nos primeiros anos após a Segunda Guerra a sociedade estadunidense mergulhou em uma campanha de combate ao comunismo. Diversas manifestações políticas e culturais responderam aos anseios trazidos pela Guerra Fria. O cinema de Hollywood, tendo sua importância como meio de propaganda reconhecida, participou ativamente dessa campanha. Assim, analisamos cinco obras do cinema hollywoodiano produzidas nesses primeiros anos da Guerra Fria, que operaram como propagandas anticomunista, Big Jim McLain, I Was a Communist for The FBI, The Woman on Pier 13, My Son John e Red Planet Mars. Buscou-se, a partir das análises, discutir as mensagens expressas por essas obras, levantando suas influências e construções. As diferentes representações do enfrentamento contra o comunismo nas obras, nos apontaram como conveniente uma divisão das discussões em três eixos temáticos: a representação das ações do Estado, da família e da religião, na luta anticomunista. A partir dessas discussões percebemos a pluralidade de inquietações sociais da época, que acabaram por ser mobilizadas e, possivelmente, reforçadas a partir da propaganda produzida pelo cinema. Para tanto, examinamos de que maneira as obras lidaram com as inquietações sociais e escolhas ideológicas em sua criação estética, na representação do inimigo comunista. Nesse intento percebemos que olhares simplificadores e limitados não poderiam explicar as motivações e os resultados dessa campanha anticomunista empreendida pelo cinema de Hollywood. As relações entre suas construções e as discussões de diversos setores sociais no período, nos revelam a complexidade do processo que levou os Estados Unidos ao cenário de repressão e supressão de direitos nos primeiros anos da Guerra Fria, o macarthismo.
Title in English
Hollywood and the containment of "evil": propaganda and legitimation of repression actions to communism in the McCarthy era, 1947-1954
Keywords in English
Cinema
Communism
Propaganda
Abstract in English
In the early years after World War II the United States society plunged into an anti-communist campaign. Several political and cultural manifestations responded to the concerns brought about by the Cold War. The Hollywood cinema had its importance as a means of propaganda recognized and actively participated in this campaign. So, we analyzed five movies of Hollywood cinema, produced in the early years of the Cold War, which operated as anti-communist propaganda, Big Jim McLain, I Was a Communist for The FBI, The Woman on Pier 13, My Son John e Red Planet Mars. We made a discussion about the messages expressed by these works, exposing his influences and constructions. The different representations of confrontation against communism in the movies indicated us an appropriate division of the discussions on three thematic axes: the representation of state, family and religion actions in the anti-communist fight. From these discussions we perceived the plurality of social anxieties of this era, which were eventually mobilized and, possibly, reinforced from the propaganda produced by the cinema. For this end, we examine how the movies worked with the social anxieties and ideological choices in their aesthetic creation, in the representation of the communist enemy. In this intent we perceived that simplistic and limited views could not explain the reasons and the results of anti-communist campaign waged by the Hollywood cinema. The relations between its constructions and the discussions of various social sectors in the period reveal the complexity of the process that led the United States to the scene of repression and suppression of rights in the early years of the Cold War, the McCarthyism.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-07-29
 
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