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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2013.tde-18112013-131607
Document
Author
Full name
Laurent Azevedo Marques de Saes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Zeron, Carlos Alberto de Moura Ribeiro (President)
Bonciani, Rodrigo Faustinoni
Camenietzki, Carlos Ziller
Florenzano, Modesto
Wissenbach, Maria Cristina Cortez
Title in Portuguese
A société des Amis des Noirs e o movimento antiescravista sob a Revolução Francesa (1788-1802)
Keywords in Portuguese
Antiescravismo
Comércio colonial
Escravidão
Revolta escrava
Revolução francesa
Abstract in Portuguese
No final do século XVIII, o poderio econômico da França repousava essencialmente sobre o comércio que o país realizava com as suas colônias. Graças, principalmente, ao açúcar e ao café de São Domingos, a "pérola das Antilhas", o comércio colonial francês atingia o seu auge no mesmo momento em que o país rumava para um processo violento de transformação de suas instituições. Ao mesmo tempo, havia, na metrópole, questionamentos a respeito da gestão de colônias cada vez mais povoadas de escravos, arrancados de seus lares para exercer o cultivo nas plantations. Nesse contexto, em 1788, formou-se a primeira organização antiescravista francesa, a Sociedade dos Amigos dos Negros. Sob a liderança de alguns dos principais personagens do período revolucionário, como Brissot, Clavière, Mirabeau, La Fayette e Condorcet, essa sociedade de nobres, homens de letras e financistas procurou introduzir a questão do tráfico negreiro na ordem do dia dos debates políticos que marcaram a Revolução francesa. Procuramos, no presente trabalho, retraçar a atividade desses homens, cuja moderação contrasta com o rumo que a questão colonial tomou, a partir da grande insurreição dos escravos em São Domingos, de agosto de 1791. Acreditamos que o estudo dos limites do discurso antiescravista do final do século XVIII e da política colonial das assembleias revolucionárias traz consigo ensinamentos sobre os limites da própria Revolução francesa.
Title in English
Société des Amis des Noirs and anti-slavery movement in the French Revolution (1788-1802)
Keywords in English
Antislavery
Colonial commerce
French revolution
Slave revolt
Slavery
Abstract in English
At the end of the 18th century, France's economic power relied foremost on trade with its colonies. Thanks to the sugar and coffee produced in Saint-Domingue, the "pearl of the Antilles", French colonial commerce reached its peak at the very moment the country was moving toward a violent process of radical institutional transformation. At the same time, it was a moment of interrogations about the administration of colonies whose slave population was in continuous increase. In this context, in 1788, the first French antislavery organization was created, the Society of the Friends of the Blacks. Under the leadership of some of the key-characters of the revolutionary period, like 7 Brissot, Clavière, Mirabeau, La Fayette and Condorcet, this society of nobles, intellectuals and financiers endeavored to bring the issue of slave trade to the political debate that marked the French Revolution. We intend, with this study, to retrace the activities of those men, whose moderation of principles was in contrast with the turn of events that marked the colonial space, with the slave insurrection of August 1791, in Saint-Domingue. We hope that, by approaching the limits of the antislavery program of the late-18th century and of the colonial policies of the revolutionary assemblies, this study might offer teachings on the limits of the Revolution itself.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-11-18
 
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