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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2006.tde-16072007-105321
Document
Author
Full name
Franciane Gama Lacerda
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Marcos Antonio da (President)
Fenelon, Déa Ribeiro
Khoury, Yara Maria Aun
Samara, Eni de Mesquita
Secco, Lincoln Ferreira
Title in Portuguese
Migrantes cearenses no Pará: faces da sobrevivência (1889-1916)
Keywords in Portuguese
Amazônia
Cearenses
História social
Migração
Séculos XIX-XX
Abstract in Portuguese
Entre 1889 e 1916, sob a influência da economia da borracha e do interesse pelo desenvolvimento da agricultura, o Pará experimenta a chegada de grande número de migrantes cearenses que, movidos pelos problemas da seca, ou atraídos pelas alternativas de trabalho que essa região oferecia, para lá se deslocavam, vivenciando variadas experiências sociais. Esta tese discute essa experiência, examinando os muitos significados atribuídos a ela pelos migrantes, desde sua saída do Ceará até sua instalação no Pará nos núcleos coloniais, na capital paraense e nos seringais. Igualmente, trata-se de perceber os sentidos que os poderes públicos do Ceará e do Pará deram a esse processo migratório. Parte da historiografia que se debruçou sobre o tema solidificou a imagem dos migrantes cearenses como pobres flagelados pela seca ou como semi-escravos nos seringais, presos aos revezes da natureza ou à exploração de um patrão. Entretanto, a experiência migratória tem outras dimensões. Nela estão também presentes a luta pela sobrevivência, pelo trabalho e pela posse da terra, revelando conflitos, laços de afetividade com a família, com a terra natal dos migrantes, redes de solidariedade e uma estreita relação entre a floresta e a cidade.
Title in English
Migrants from the state of Ceará to the state of Pará: faces of survival (1889-1916)
Keywords in English
Amazonia
Cearenses
Migration
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Social history
Abstract in English
Between 1889 and 1916, numerous people left the state of Ceará (Brazil) and migrated to the state of Pará, influenced by the rubber boom and by an agricultural policy. These people were compelled to migrate owing to the serious droughts which afflicted their native land, and also seduced by the many labour offers in Pará, where they endured a variety of social experiences. This dissertation discusses these experiences, focusing on the meaning given by the migrants themselves to the process of migration, from the departure from Ceará until their settlement in Pará (whether in the colonies, in the capital or in the rubber fields). It also analyses the meaning given to migration by the government. Part of the historiography which has addressed these issues stresses the image of a poor and defenceless migrant, a victim of the droughts or chained to an unpredictable nature or to a ruthless employer. However, migration has many other senses. In this process, migrants also fought for their life, their labour and their land, unveiling conflicts, affective tights with their family and their native country, solidarity, and a close relation between the forest and the city.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-08-14
 
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