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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2017.tde-07042017-141940
Document
Author
Full name
André Szczawlinska Muceniecks
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Tacconi, Ana Paula Tavares Magalhães (President)
Araujo, Vinicius Cesar Dreger de
Gomide, Bruno Barretto
Pereira, Maria Cristina Correia Leandro
Taveira, Celso
Title in Portuguese
Austrvegr e Gardaríki: (re)significações do leste na Escandinávia tardo-medieval
Keywords in Portuguese
Controvérsia Normanista
Cultura Material
Escandinávia
Islândia
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese analisamos as nuances que o conceito de leste assumiu nas fontes escritas da Escandinávia e Islândia dos séculos XIII e XIV. De início, procedemos na observação de como a historiografia referente às interações entre povos da Escandinávia e do Nordeste Europeu produziu extenso debate de implicações políticas, conhecido como a Controvérsia Normanista. Neste capítulo salientamos também os impactos que o estudo do medievo teve nos tempos contemporâneos. A seguir, efetuamos uma síntese baseada na interpretação da Cultura Material sobre os movimentos escandinavos a leste no período viking, que forneceram material para os próprios historiadores e autores na Escandinávia e Islândia dos séculos XIII e XIV. Até então demonstramos que, a despeito da Controvérsia Normanista, há evidência convincente e suficiente para demonstrar que a presença escandinava no leste foi deveras significativa. Os capítulos posteriores centralizam-se na análise das fontes primárias. Dividimo-las em fontes que apresentam material cartográfico e geográfico, obras de cunho historiográficoe sagas voltadas ao entretenimento; como seleção de obras representativas de tais grandes grupos analisamos o Mappamundi islandês Gks 1812, 4to, 5v-6r., o prólogo da Edda Menor, a Heimskringla, a Gesta Danorum e a rvar-Odds Saga. A análise dessas fontes demonstrou que entre o século XIII e o XIV ocorreu na produção escrita escandinava uma bifurcação entre o conhecimento produzido com objetivos de instrução e aquele com intuitos de entretenimento. O uso do leste na primeira vertente é livresco, inserindo muito do saber acumulado do Medievo Ocidental e ressignificando o leste segundo parâmetros das terras bíblicas e dos autores clássicos. Nas fontes de intuito de entretenimento o uso do leste é também ressignificado, mas desta feita de acordo com material mais ligado à cultura e às narrativas populares, empregando o leste na materialização de temas do fantástico e da mitologia.
Title in English
Austrvegr and Garðaríki: (re)significations of the East in Low-Middle ages Scandinavia
Keywords in English
Iceland
Material culture
Normanist controversy
Scandinavia
Abstract in English
In this thesis we analyze the nuances assumed by the concept of east in the primary sources of Scandinavia and Iceland in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.Initially, we proceeded in the observation of how the historiography related to Northern and Eastern Europe have produced extensive debate of political implications, named the Normanist Controversy. In thischapter we have stressed also the impacts that Medieval Studies may assume in Contemporary milieu.Hereafter we build a synthesis based on Material Culture -in the archaeological sense -of the Scandinavian movements in East in the Viking Age, interactions that already had provided inspiration for authors inXIII-XIVs. At this point we have showed successfully that there is enough evidence to demonstrate the relevance of the Scandinavian presence in medieval Eastern Europe.The later chapters deal with the analysis of several kindsof primary sources. We have gathered and organized it in geographical and cartographical works, writings of historiographical nature and entertainment aimed sagas.As a selection of representative works of such large groups we studied the Icelandic Mappamundi of manuscript Gks 1812, 4to, 5v-6r, the Prologue of Edda Minor, the Heimskringla,the Gesta Danorum and the rvar-Odds SagaThe analysis of these sources showed that between the thirteenth and the fourteenth century a bifurcation occurred in Scandinavian written sources between the knowledge produced for the purposes of instruction andthe one with the goal of entertainment.The use of the East in the first group is highly scholar, re-elaborating the East in the light of accumulated knowledge of the Western Middle Ages, as well as redefining it within parameters coherent with christian and classical authors.The sources aimed to entertainment, however, employed the eastern areas in connection with a different kind of knowledge. Folk narratives and popular lore gained prominence in the reshaping of eastern region, transforming it in anauspicious place to the materialization of the fantastic and the mythical.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-04-07
 
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