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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2007.tde-01122009-160957
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Segarra Martins Paes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Souza, Marina de Mello e (President)
Slenes, Robert Wayne Andrew
Wissenbach, Maria Cristina Cortez
Title in Portuguese
A 'recomendação das almas' na comunidade remanescente de Quilombo de Pedro Cubas
Keywords in Portuguese
Catolicismo popular
Cultura popular
Religiosidade afro-americana
Remanescente de quilombo
Vale do Ribeira
Abstract in Portuguese
A região entrecortada pelos rios Pilões, Nhunguara, Sapatu e Pedro Cubas era a mais rica zona de mineração de Eldorado (São Paulo), e o local para onde foram levados os primeiros escravizados que aportaram na região. Com a decadência da mineração, no final do século XVIII, muitos escravizados foram abandonados ou alforriados, transformando-se em camponeses, autônomos do ponto de vista econômico e religioso. O poder religioso era independente do clero oficial e concentrava-se nas mãos de leigos. Dessa forma, desenvolveu-se um catolicismo popular marcadamente diferente do catolicismo romano e repleto de influências africanas, e a Recomendação das Almas era uma de suas práticas. Porém, a partir dos anos 50 do século XX, o modo de vida tradicional dos negros da região, caracterizado pela autonomia, começou a sofrer fortes abalos devido às mudanças provocadas pelo corte ilegal do palmito, pela construção da estrada, pela implantação de unidades de conservação e pela ameaça da construção de barragens ao longo do Rio Ribeira de Iguape. Paralelamente, as práticas típicas do catolicismo popular entraram em declínio, e a Recomendação das Almas continuou a ser realizada apenas na região de Pedro Cubas. No entanto, as comunidades negras da região mobilizaram-se conjuntamente contra as adversidades e se auto-identificaram como membros de comunidades remanescentes de quilombo, e originaram as seguintes comunidades remanescentes de quilombo na região: Pedro Cubas, Pedro Cubas de Cima, Sapatu, Nhunguara, São Pedro, Galvão, Ivaporunduva, André Lopes, Pilões e Maria Rosa. Dessa forma, lutam contra as barragens, pelo direito de cultivar a terra e pela titulação de seu território.
Title in English
The Recomendação das Almas in the former quilombo community of Pedro Cubas.
Keywords in English
African-American religiosity
former quilombos
Popular Catholicism
Popular culture
Vale do Ribeira
Abstract in English
The region between the rivers Pilões and Pedro Cubas had the richest gold mines of Eldorado (Sao Paulo), and it was there that were introduced the first slaves in the region. After the decline of the mining cycle, at the end of the XVIIIth century, many slaves were let by themselves or alforriados, and became peasants, with great autonomy concerning their economic and religious life. The local religious life was practically independent of the official clergy, and was administered by lay people. In this way, the local communities developed a popular Catholicism quite different from the Roman Catholicism, full of African influence, and the Recomendação das Almas was one of its practices. However, since the 1950s the traditional way of life of the black people of the region, characterized by the autonomy, begun to suffer impact caused by changes the illegal palm heart extraction, by the construction of the road, by the implantation of the conservation unities and by the threat of the dam constructions along the Ribeira River. At the same time, many practices of the popular Catholicism declined and the Recomendação das Almas continues to be realized only in the region of Pedro Cubas. Nevertheless, the black communities of the region organized themselves against adversities and recognized themselves as a former quilombo, and originated the communities of Pedro Cubas, Pedro Cubas de Cima, Sapatu, Nhunguara, São Pedro, Galvão, Ivaporunduva, André Lopes, Pilões and Maria Rosa. In this way, they fight against the dam, for the right of planting and for the land property of their territory.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-09-16
 
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