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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2010.tde-22112010-222756
Document
Author
Full name
Thiago Fontelas Rosado Gambi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Arruda, Jose Jobson de Andrade (President)
Bastos, Pedro Paulo Zahluth
Ferlini, Vera Lucia Amaral
Guimarães, Carlos Gabriel
Saes, Alexandre Macchione
Title in Portuguese
O banco da ordem: política e finanças no império brasileiro (1853-66)
Keywords in Portuguese
Banco do Brasil
Civilização
Império
Ordem
Saquaremas
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho busca entrelaçar a história de um banco, das idéias econômicas de um homem e de um projeto político. O segundo Banco do Brasil foi idealizado e concretizado pelo então ministro da fazenda Joaquim José Rodrigues Torres, futuro visconde de Itaboraí, e se inseria, como braço financeiro, no projeto conservador de centralização política do império, no projeto político saquarema de construção e consolidação do Estado imperial. A tese que guia o trabalho é de que o banco foi resultado desse projeto político mais amplo levado a cabo pelos saquaremas. Embora fosse uma instituição privada, suas relações com o governo eram estreitas. Como cabia ao imperador nomear o presidente da instituição, seus olhos se faziam presentes no coração da máquina monetária e, em menor medida, creditícia da economia mercantil escravista brasileira. Era o banco o responsável pelo controle da oferta monetária da economia e para isso contava formalmente com o monopólio da emissão de notas bancárias em todo o império. Ao controlar tal oferta, o banco poderia regular a liquidez do mercado e a taxa de desconto. Com a moeda e o crédito nas mãos, o segundo Banco do Brasil era uma instituição chave para a centralização do poder político na Corte. Ao perder o monopólio de emissão, o banco perderia a capacidade de controlar a oferta de moeda e crédito naquela economia e, portanto, sua razão de ser. Daí não ser surpresa o fato de que os próprios saquaremas trabalhassem politicamente para cassar o direito de emissão do banco. É nesse sentido que buscamos reconstituir a história do segundo Banco do Brasil, o banco da Ordem.
Title in English
The bank of order: politics and finance in Imperial Brazil (1853-66)
Keywords in English
Banco do Brasil
Civilization
Empire
Order
Saquaremas
Abstract in English
This dissertation seeks to interweave the story of a bank, the economic ideas of one man and a political project. The second Bank of Brazil was conceived and implemented by the finance minister, Joaquim José Rodrigues Torres, future viscount of Itaboraí. It was the financial arm of the conservative project of a political centralization of the empire, the "saquarema" project of constructing and consolidating the imperial State. The thesis that guides this work is that the bank was a result of this wider political project undertaken by the saquaremas. Though a private institution, its relations with the government were close. Given that the emperor appointed the president of the institution, he kept his eye on the heart of the monetary machine and to a lesser extent, the credit machine of the Brazilian slaveryera market economy. It was the bank responsible for controlling the money supply in the economy and so had the monopoly on issuing bank notes in the entire empire. With this control, the bank could regulate market liquidity and the discount rate. With money and credit in its hands, the second Bank of Brazil was a key institution for the centralization of political power at court. Upon losing this monopoly, the bank would lose the ability to control the money supply and credit and hence its reason for being. It is therefore hardly surprising that saquaremas themselves worked politically to revoke the bank's right of issuing currency. That is why we seek to reconstruct the history of the second Bank of Brazil, the bank of Order.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-12-07
 
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