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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2019.tde-07112019-171552
Document
Author
Full name
Leonardo Laguna Betfuer
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Loureiro, Felipe Pereira (President)
Colistete, Renato Perim
Dabat, Christine Paulette Yves Rufino
Rocha, Alexandre Luís Moreli
Title in Portuguese
Pernambuco e a aliança para o progresso: ajuda econômica regional no Brasil de João Goulart
Keywords in Portuguese
Aliança para o progresso
Diário de Pernambuco
John Kennedy
Pernambuco
Relações Brasil-Estados Unidos
Abstract in Portuguese
A Revolução Cubana de janeiro de 1959 promoveu profundas mudanças na política externa dos Estados Unidos para a América Latina. A fim de combater o comunismo, promover a democracia e o desenvolvimento econômico regional, os Estados Unidos lançaram a Aliança para o Progresso, um programa de ajuda econômica que pretendia investir até US$ 20 bilhões no continente em uma década. No entanto, ao contrário da proposta original, estudiosos argumentam que a Aliança teria sido utilizada para interferir na política doméstica latino-americana em favor dos interesses estratégicos de Washington. No caso do Brasil, os recursos da Aliança para o Progresso foram utilizados, entre outras coisas, para apoiar políticos que se opunham ao Presidente João Goulart, na tentativa de desestabilizar seu governo. A região Nordeste do Brasil e o estado de Pernambuco, em particular, foram motivo de atenção especial por parte do governo norte-americano devido às forças políticas que disputavam o poder na região, ao grau de subdesenvolvimento socioeconômico regional, e ao nível de agitação social considerados alarmantes. A presente dissertação de mestrado argumenta que o jornal Diário de Pernambuco utilizou a Aliança para o Progresso para favorecer políticos conservadores do status quo, no caso Cid Sampaio e João Cleofas, ambos da UDN. O jornal também usou a Aliança ativamente para prejudicar candidatos nacionalistas, no caso Miguel Arraes (PST). Argumenta-se também que o jornal usou o programa de ajuda econômica para criticar o Presidente João Goulart, contribuindo para a campanha de desestabilização política que resultou no golpe civil-militar de 1964.
Title in English
Pernambuco and the Alliance for Progress: regional economic aid in Brazil by João Goulart
Keywords in English
Alliance for Progress
Brazil-United States Relations
Economic aid
John Kennedy
Pernambuco
Abstract in English
The Cuban Revolution of January 1959 brought about profound changes in the United States foreign policy towards Latin America. In order to combat communism, promote democracy and regional economic development, the United States launched the Alliance for Progress, an economic aid program that sought to invest up to $ 20 billion on the continent in a decade. However, contrary to the original proposal, scholars argue that the Alliance would have been used to interfere in Latin American domestic politics in favor of Washington's strategic interests. In the case of Brazil, the resources of the Alliance for Progress were used, among other things, to support politicians who opposed President João Goulart in an attempt to destabilize his government. The Northeastern region of Brazil and the State of Pernambuco, in particular, received special attention from the US government due to the political forces that disputed power in the region, the degree of regional socioeconomic underdevelopment, and the level of social unrest, considered alarming. This dissertation argues that the newspaper "Diário de Pernambuco" used the Alliance for Progress to favor conservative politicians of the status quo, in the case Cid Sampaio and João Cleofas, both politicians of UDN. The newspaper also actively used the program to harm nationalist candidates, in the case Miguel Arraes (PST). It is also argued that the newspaper used the Alliance to criticize President João Goulart, contributing to the political destabilization campaign that resulted in the 1964 civil-military coup.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-11-07
 
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