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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2011.tde-25052012-085900
Document
Author
Full name
Kátia Souza Rangel
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Suzuki, Julio Cesar (President)
Marques, Marta Inez Medeiros
Paes, Maria Tereza Duarte
Title in Portuguese
De bairro rural a território quilombola: um estudo da comunidade do Mandira
Keywords in Portuguese
bairro rural
Mandira
mode de vida tradicional
reserva extravista
território quilombola
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho analisa a problemática da reprodução do modo de vida tradicional da comunidade quilombola do Mandira em seu bairro rural, partindo da recuperação do histórico de formação da comunidade e transformações no seu modo de vida após a sobreposição do bairro rural pelo Parque Estadual Jacupiranga (decreto-lei nº 145, de 08 de agosto de 1969), culminando na definição do bairro como reserva extrativista e território quilombola, sendo estas as alternativas encontradas pela comunidade para a conquista da propriedade coletiva de suas terras e da autonomia de reprodução econômico-social. As restrições ambientais à reprodução do modo de vida foram implantadas no contexto da adoção do modelo preservacionista de proteção dos remanescentes florestais pelo governo militar brasileiro que, a partir da década de 1960, criou unidades de conservação de proteção integral sobre terras devolutas reconhecidas como desabitadas, expropriando as populações tradicionais dos bairros rurais historicamente ocupados, impelindo-as a organizarem-se politicamente em torno do setor ambientalista conservacionista, que defende o conhecimento tradicional como fundamento da conservação, influenciando a política ambiental brasileira no desenvolvimento de instrumentos políticos próprios que compatibilizam conservação e reprodução do modo de vida tradicional, como a criação de reservas extrativistas e unidades de conservação de uso sustentável. O método utilizado fundou-se na abordagem materialista e dialética da história, a teoria da criação e recriação do campesinato e do latifúndio e a etnoconservação, a partir da revisão bibliográfica e trabalho de campo, baseado em história oral, que subsidiou a reconstrução das histórias de vida das famílias, a partir de roteiro semiestruturado e composição de séries fotográficas. Assim, as unidades de conservação de uso sustentável compatibilizam a conservação dos remanescentes florestais à reprodução do modo de vida tradicional que, diante de sua marginal inserção na sociedade urbano-industrial, cria e recria estratégias para sua reprodução e elementos de sua cultura local, como o trabalho familiar e as relações de sociabilidade praticadas entre as famílias da comunidade.
Title in English
From rural disctrict into quilombola territory: a study of the quilombola community Mandira
Keywords in English
extractive reserve
Mandira
Maroon territory
rural neighborhood
traditional way of life
Abstract in English
This paper analyzes the problem of the reproduction of the traditional way of life of Mandira`s maroon community in its rural neighborhood, starting from the recovery of the community's history and changes in its lifestyle after the overlapping of the rural neighborhood by the Jacupiranga State Park (decree law No. 145 from August 8, 1969), culminating in the establishment of the neighborhood as an extractive reserve and maroon territory, which were the alternatives found by the community for the achievement of collective ownership of their land and autonomy in their socioeconomic reproduction. Environmental constraints on the reproduction of its lifestyle were implemented with the adoption of the preservation model for the protection of the remaining forest by the Brazilian military government, which, starting in the 1960s, created conservation units for the integral protection on public lands recognized as uninhabited, expropriating the traditional populations of historically- occupied rural neighborhoods, pushing them to organize politically around the environmental conservation sector, which defends traditional knowledge as the basis of conservation, thus influencing Brazilian environmental policy in the development of their own political tools, such as the creation of extractive reserves and sustainable use conservation units, which reconcile conservation and the reproduction of traditional ways of life. The method used was based on the materialist and dialectical approach to history, the theory of creation and recreation of the peasantry and landed estates, and ethnoconservation, starting from the literature review and field work, based on oral history, which grounded the reconstruction of the family life stories through semi- structured script and composition of photographic series. Thus, sustainable use conservation units reconcile the conservation of the remaining forest to the reproduction of the traditional way of life, which, in face of its marginal inclusion in urban-industrial society, creates and recreates strategies for its reproduction, as well as elements from its local culture, such as family work and sociability relations practiced among the families from the community.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-05-25
 
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