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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2016.tde-23032016-132316
Document
Author
Full name
Estevão José da Silva Barbosa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Abreu, Adilson Avansi de (President)
Beserra Neta, Luiza Câmara
Carvalho, Adilson
Rodrigues, Cleide
Ross, Jurandyr Luciano Sanches
Title in Portuguese
Formação de georrelevos antrópicos na Amazônia: estudo de caso na rodovia Belém-Brasília (BR-010), Estado do Pará
Keywords in Portuguese
Amazônia
Georrelevo antrópico
Paisagem
Rodovia Belém-Brasília
Abstract in Portuguese
O trabalho analisou as formas do georrelevo antrópico na Amazônia brasileira, tendo como área de estudo parte do Corredor Norte da rodovia Belém-Brasília (BR-010), Estado do Pará. O tema tem sido menos enfatizado quando se fala de impactos ambientais na região. Alinhase com os pressupostos da Antropogeomorfologia, a exemplo de Fels (1955), Goudie (1993, 2004) e Rodrigues (2004, 2005); e à noção de espaço-paisagem, conforme Giblin (1978) e Santos ([1971] 2008). As formas do georrelevo antrópico foram entendidas como um fator da paisagem, integrado aos demais, de acordo com Kugler (1976) e Abreu (1985). A área de estudo faz parte da velha fronteira de recursos da Amazônia oriental, definida por Veríssimo et al. (1992). Por isso, nesta área a natureza encontra-se fortemente impactada por atividades humanas, sobretudo a pecuária, indústria madeireira, mineração e agronegócio. A formação do georrelevo antrópico foi entendida a partir de três fases: pré-perturbação, perturbação ativa e pós-perturbação sobre os sistemas morfogenéticos. A fase de perturbação ativa está relacionada com o desflorestamento, obras rodoviárias, e as demais atividades ao longo da rodovia. As morfologias de alteração do relevo incluem cortes de estrada, aterros, caixas de empréstimo, depósitos tecnogênicos, e outras formas de georrelevo antrópico ocasionadas por efeitos indiretos, a exemplo de ravinas, depósitos de tálus e bacias de aluvionamento. A litologia é um fator especial, principalmente as lateritas maturas e os horizontes caulinitizados, que condicionam fenômenos de erosão diferencial. Além das modalidades de intervenção antrópica, deve-se levar em consideração os elevados índices de pluviosidade e atividade biológica, típicas das regiões do trópico úmido, provocando um intemperismo intenso.
Title in English
Formation of anthropic georeliefs in the Amazonia: study along Belém-Brasília highway (BR-010), Pará State, Brazil
Keywords in English
Amazonia
Anthropic georelief
Belém-Brasília Highway
Landscape
Abstract in English
This work analyzed the landforms of anthropic georelief in the Brazilian Amazonia. The delimited study area is part of the Northern Corridor of Belém-Brasília Highway (BR-010), Pará State, Brazil. This subject has received less attention when it comes to environmental impacts in the Amazonian region. Theoretically, it is associated with the authors of Anthropogeomorphology, for example, Fels (1956), Goudie (1993, 2004), and Rodrigues (2004, 2005); and the notion of space/landscape, with Giblin (1978) and Santos ([1971] 2008). We understand the landforms of anthropic georelief as a component of landscape, integrated with other components, according to the ideas of Kugler (1976) and Abreu (1985). The study area is localized in the old resources frontier of Eastern Amazonia, as defined by Veríssimo et al. (1992). Thus, the original environment of this area has been strongly impacted by human activities, mainly cattle raising, timber industry, mining, and agribusiness. Formation of anthropic georeliefs was understood from three distinct phases: pre-disturbance, active disturbance, and post-disturbance on morphogenetic systems. Active disturbance phase is related with deforestation, road works, and others activities along the Belém-Brasília Highway. The morphologies of alteration include cut roads, embankments, quarries, technogenic deposits, and others landforms of anthropic georelief caused by indirect effects, such as gullies, talus and alluvial deposits. Lithology, mainly with mature laterites and kaolinized horizons, is a special factor, because it leads to differential erosion phenomena. In addition to the forms of human intervention, one must take into account the high levels of rainfall and high rates of biological activity, typical of the humid tropical regions, causing intense weathering.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-03-23
 
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