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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2006.tde-30012008-111501
Document
Author
Full name
Zoraida Maria Lopes Feitosa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Zingano, Marco Antonio de Avila (President)
Angioni, Lucas
Bolzani Filho, Roberto
Perine, Marcelo
Torrano, Jose Antonio Alves
Title in Portuguese
A questão da unidade e do ensino das virtudes em Platão
Keywords in Portuguese
Filosofia antiga (crítica)
Platão
Virtude
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho está relacionado à questão de saber qual a natureza da virtude em Platão; para tanto, procuramos demonstrar que a virtude na ética platônica possui diferentes fases. A primeira, trata da virtude a partir da visão socrática, considerada a fase de juventude de Platão; nesta fase, o conceito de virtude coincide com conhecimento, ou seja, todo princípio ético deve estar fundamentado pela razão, portanto o conhecimento é o princípio fundamental e unificador de todas as virtudes. Na segunda fase, o conhecimento continua sendo o princípio unificador, no entanto, o conceito de virtude se evidencia como uma unidade que se harmoniza pelo pressuposto das diferenças, isto é, Platão faz emergir a ação, o conflito, conseqüentemente isto leva à superação do intelectualismo socrático, no sentido de mostrar que o conhecimento é necessário, mas não suficiente para unificar as virtudes. E por último, temos a questão do ensino da virtude a partir do diálogo Mênon. Embora o citado diálogo negue a possibilidade do ensino da virtude, entretanto deixa em aberto a mesma possibilidade no que diz respeito à natureza da virtude ser ensinável.
Title in English
Question of unity and teaching of virtues in Plato
Keywords in English
Ancient philosophy (criticism)
Plato
Virtue
Abstract in English
The objective of this paper concerns the question of knowing what the nature of virtue in Plato is. In order to achieve it, we aim to demonstrate that the virtue in the platonic ethics has different phases. The first one deals with virtue from the socratic vision, known as the phase of Plato's youth; in which the concept of virtue coincides with knowledge, that is, all ethical principles must be based on reason, therefore knowledge is the basic and unifying principle of all virtues. In the second phase, in spite of the fact that knowledge is still regarded as the unifying principle, the concept of virtue is evidenced as a unit that is harmonized through the assumption of differences, that is, Plato makes the action and the conflict emerge, which consequently leads to the overcoming of the socratic intellectualism, in that it shows that `knowledge is necessary, but not enough to unify the virtues. Finally, there is the question of the teaching of virtue from the Menon dialogue. Although the aforementioned dialogue denies the possibility of the teaching of virtue, yhe same possibility concerning the nature of the teaching of virtue remains unresolved.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-02-08
 
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