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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2017.tde-24102017-124238
Document
Author
Full name
Katia Cilene da Silva Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Brandão, Eduardo (President)
Cacciola, Maria Lucia Mello e Oliveira
Fonseca, Eduardo Ribeiro da
Ramos, Flamarion Caldeira
Souza, Edelcio Gonçalves de
Title in Portuguese
A antinomia da teoria do conhecimento de Schopenhauer
Keywords in Portuguese
Antinomia da faculdade de conhecimento
Idealismo
Metafísica
Schopenhauer
Teoria do conhecimento
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho versa sobre a antinomia da faculdade de conhecimento, também conhecida como paradoxo de Zeller, que Schopenhauer refere no primeiro livro de O mundo como Vontade e representação. Essa questão tem sido bastante discutida na história do pensamento schopenhaueriano e permanece ainda hoje como um problema em aberto. Desde os primeiros leitores de Schopenhauer, a antinomia da faculdade de conhecimento foi apontada como um problema de solução difícil, quando não impossível, e explicada de maneiras diversas. Algumas vezes, apontou-se a heterogeneidade das teorias sobre as quais o pensamento schopenhaueriano se ergue; em outras, a antinomia foi atribuída a erros de interpretação da filosofia kantiana; por vezes, remeteram-na a um dualismo em que se chocam materialismo e idealismo, ou realismo e idealismo, e há ainda outras visões. Nesta tese, propomos uma interpretação alternativa, que toma as dificuldades da filosofia schopenhaueriana como constitutivas, e, sem pretender justificá-la nem impugná-la, busca sua compreensão a partir das questões teóricas com as quais o filósofo se defrontou. Como resultado, encontramos que Schopenhauer evidencia a insuficiência tanto do idealismo quanto do realismo para a explicação completa e correta do mundo, bem como a mútua exigência entre ambos. A complementaridade entre os pontos de vista opostos do idealismo e do realismo impõe que sejam articulados, embora sua combinação origine os diversos problemas presentes na obra schopenhaueriana, entre os quais está a antinomia da faculdade de conhecimento. Adicionalmente, analisamos outras questões e dificuldades que surgiram no pensamento de Schopenhauer, algumas mencionadas pelo filósofo, outras não.
Title in English
The antinomy of Schopenhauer's theory of knowledge
Keywords in English
Antinomy of the faculty of knowledge
Idealism
Metaphysics
Schopenhauer
Theory of knowledge
Abstract in English
This work deals with the antinomy of the faculty of knowledge, also known as Zeller's paradox, to which Schopenhauer refers in the first book of The world as Will and representation. This question has been much discussed in the history of Schopenhauer's thought and still remains today as an unsolved problem. Since the early readers of Schopenhauer, the antinomy of the faculty of knowledge was pointed out as a problem of difficult solution, if not impossible, and explained in different ways. At times, the heterogeneity of the theories on which Schopenhauer's thought stands has been pointed out; other times, the antinomy was attributed to errors in the interpretation of Kantian philosophy; for many times referred to a dualism in which collide materialism and idealism, or realism and idealism; and there are still other viewpoints. In this thesis, we propose an alternative interpretation, which takes the difficulties of Schopenhauer's philosophy as constitutive, and not pretending to justify or contest it, we search for an understanding from the theoretical questions with which the philosopher faced. As a result, we find that Schopenhauer evidences the inadequacy of both idealism and realism for the complete and correct explanation of the world, as well as the mutual demand between them. The complementarity between the opposing viewpoints of idealism and realism demands they to be articulated, although their combination gives rise to the various problems present in Schopenhauer's work, among which is the antinomy of the faculty of knowledge. In addition, we analyzed other issues and difficulties that arose in Schopenhauer's thought, some mentioned by the philosopher.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-10-24
 
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