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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2013.tde-20082013-085840
Document
Author
Full name
Elaine Camunha
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Kuntz, Rolf Nelson (President)
Albieri, Sara
Lopes, Jose Reinaldo de Lima
Nascimento, Milton Meira do
Pissarra, Maria Constança Peres
Title in Portuguese
Direito natural e limites do poder soberano na teoria política de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Keywords in Portuguese
Direito natural
Filosofia política
Liberdade
Poder
Rousseau
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho discute o direito natural do homem como uma ideia importante na teoria política do filósofo Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Mesmo cabendo ao soberano determinar o limite de seu poder, ele o faz observando as condições do pacto de associação, que estabelecem a garantia de direitos individuais condicionada ao bem comum. Certamente a admissão, por parte de Rousseau, de um direito que cabe ao indivíduo na sua qualidade de homem não faz dele um liberal ao modo de autores como Locke, por exemplo, já que esses defendem uma esfera ampla de liberdade, e Rousseau propõe uma interferência maior na vida dos membros do corpo político. Nosso objetivo é mostrar que é preciso entender com qualificações a noção de poder soberano absoluto. Na teoria rousseauniana, esse poder é absoluto num sentido especial: cabe ao soberano, isto é, ao povo, formular, mudar e revogar a lei com base na vontade geral. Mas esse poder, definidor da soberania, não se deve estender além dos objetivos do contrato e, de modo particular, pelas condições da natureza humana e pelas possibilidades concretas de cada sociedade.
Title in English
Natural right and the boundaries of the sovereign power in the Jean Jacques Rousseau's political theory
Keywords in English
Freedom
Natural right
Political philosophy
Power
Rousseau
Abstract in English
This work discusses man's natural right as a relevant idea in the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseaus political theory. Although it is up to the sovereign to determine the boundaries of its power, it will do so observing the conditions of the pact of association, which guarantee individual rights, conditioned by the common good. Rousseaus admission that the individual is entitled to a right based on his human condition does not make him a liberal like authors such as Locke, for example, who advocate a broader sphere of freedom, while Rousseau proposes greater intervention in the life of the members of the political body. Our goal is to demonstrate the importance of understanding the notion of absolute sovereign power. In Rousseaun theory, this power is absolute in a special sense: it is up to the sovereign (the people) to formulate, change and rescind laws based on the common will. However, this power, determinant of sovereignty, should not extend beyond the objectives of the contract and, in particular, the conditions of human nature and the concrete possibilities of each society.
 
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2013_ElaineCamunha.pdf (460.96 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2013-08-20
 
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