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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2019.tde-17092019-151509
Document
Author
Full name
Pablo Souto Maior Harduin
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Zingano, Marco Antonio de Avila (President)
Bolzani Filho, Roberto
Lopes, Daniel Rossi Nunes
Muniz, Fernando Decio Porto
Title in Portuguese
A Caverna dos Prazeres: o problema do prazer no argumento da República de Platão
Keywords in Portuguese
Ética
Hedonismo
O problema do prazer
Abstract in Portuguese
O principal objetivo desta dissertação é investigar a função argumentativa que as demonstrações hedônicas ao final do Livro IX (580d-583a; 583b-588a), formuladas por Sócrates como provas de que a vida justa é melhor que a injusta, desempenham no escopo filosófico geral do diálogo. Como estratégia argumentativa para suportar a tese de que desempenham papel fundamental em sua doutrina ética, proponho que há em A República a formulação de um problema relativo ao prazer irracional. Este problema diz respeito às implicações psicológicas, epistemológicas e ontológicas inerentes à experiência hedônica irracional, e que concernem não apenas as doutrinas da alma, do conhecimento e da realidade formuladas no diálogo, mas, mais basicamente, sua doutrina ética. Ao final, argumento que, em virtude deste problema, as demonstrações hedônicas se fazem valer como partes fundamentais da doutrina ética de A República, e que não seria possível uma compreensão adequada de seu sentido total caso a questão do prazer fosse desconsiderada: as demonstrações, especialmente a última, estipulam um argumento que toca no âmago do problema concernente ao valor da injustiça, sendo capaz de provar, por meio da proposição de uma forma depurada de hedonismo, que chamo aqui hedonismo racional ou filosófico, que a crença fundamental de que a injustiça é valorsa pois prazerosa é falsa.
Title in English
The Cave of Pleasures: the problem of pleasure in the argument of Plato's Republic
Keywords in English
Ethics
Hedonism
The problem of pleasure
Abstract in English
The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the argumentative function that the hedonic demonstrations at the end of Book IX (580d-583a, 583b-588a), formulated by Socrates as proofs that a just life is better than an unjust one, perform in the general philosophical scope of the dialogue. As an argumentative strategy to support the thesis that they play a fundamental role in its ethical doctrine, I propose that there is in the Republic the formulation of a problem related to irrational pleasure. This problem concerns the psychological, epistemological, and ontological implications inherent in the irrational hedonic experience, which concern not only the doctrines of soul, knowledge, and reality formulated in the dialogue but, more fundamentally, its ethical doctrine. In the end, I argue that by virtue of this problem, the hedonic demonstrations assert themselves as fundamental parts of the Republic's ethical doctrine, and that a proper understanding of its full meaning would not be possible if the question of pleasure were disregarded: the demonstrations, especially the latter, stipulate an argument that touches the heart of the problem concerning the value of injustice, and is able to prove, by proposing a refined form of hedonism, which I call here of rational or philosophical hedonism, that the fundamental belief that injustice is valuable because pleasurable is false.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-09-17
 
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