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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2012.tde-14032013-101321
Document
Author
Full name
Fabio Luis Ferreira Nobrega Franco
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Safatle, Vladimir Pinheiro (President)
Bianco, Giuseppe
Chaui, Marilena de Souza
Title in Portuguese
A natureza das normas: o vital e o social na filosofia de Georges Canguilhem
Keywords in Portuguese
Canguilhem
Ciências da vida
Normatividade
Teoria social
Vida
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente pesquisa pretende sustentar que a reflexão precoce sobre a sociologia durkheimeana cumpre um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento do pensamento de Georges Canguilhem sobre as ciências da vida e, por conseguinte, na elaboração da sua filosofia biológica. Como se buscará mostrar, essa importância se deve ao fato de que a teoria social de Durkheim procurou satisfazer às exigências científicas de objetividade e de quantificação dos fenômenos incorporando da biologia de Comte e da fisiologia de Claude Bernard a teoria da identidade essencial entre os estados normais e patológicos. Será a partir da crítica a essa teoria que o conceito de normatividade vital, núcleo da filosofia da vida canguilhemeana, se elaborará na tese de doutoramento de Canguilhem, em 1943, Essai sur quelques problèmes concernant le normal et le pathologique. Finalmente, concluiremos sugerindo que essa nova concepção de vida permitirá ao filósofo retornar ao campo da teoria social, nas Nouvelles réflexions, para recusar a identificação entre organismo e sociedade que ele denunciara em Durkheim.
Title in English
The nature of norms: the vital and the social in Georges Canguilhems philosophy
Keywords in English
Canguilhem
Life
Life sciences
Normativity
Social theory
Abstract in English
The present research intends to sustain that the early reflection on Durkheims sociology plays an important role in the evolution of George Canguilhems thought about the life sciences, and, consequently, in the development of his biological philosophy. As this research purports to show, this importance arises from the fact that Durkheims social theory attempted to satisfy the scientific demands for the objectivity and quantification of the phenomena by incorporating, from Comtes biology and Claude Bernards physiology, a theory about the essential identity between normal and pathological states. It is by taking the critique of this theory as a starting point, that the core of Canguilhems life philosophy, namely, his concept of vital normativity, will be developed in his 1943 doctorate thesis, Essai sur quelques problèmes concernant le normal et le pathologique. Finally, by way of conclusion, we suggest that this new conception of life will allow the French philosopher to return, in his Nouvelles réflexions, to the social theory field, in order to deny the same identification between organisms and society that he denounced in Durkheim.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-03-14
 
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