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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2017.tde-14022017-101122
Document
Author
Full name
Leonardo Masaro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Arantes, Paulo Eduardo (President)
Carlotto, Maria Caramez
Leite Junior, José Corrêa
Pessoa Junior, Osvaldo Frota
Toledo, Carlos de Almeida
Title in Portuguese
Um outro fim do mundo é possível: energia, entropia e o colapso da civilização industrial
Keywords in Portuguese
Colapso
Energia
Energia renovável
Entropia
Tecnologia
Abstract in Portuguese
Nossa civilização industrial capitalista depende do crescimento econômico para reproduzir a vida humana. Para tanto, é necessário um suprimento constante de matérias-primas e energia, esta última majoritariamente na forma de hidrocarbonetos petróleo, carvão e gás natural. Contudo, dados indicam que a energia fóssil encontra-se próxima de seu pico de produção, após o qual, excetuando-se alguma nova tecnologia revolucionária, teríamos uma quantidade decrescente de energia fóssil disponível. A análise cruzada da tecnologia empregada pelo sistema capitalista e das características quantitativas e qualitativas das energias renováveis revelam que não há fonte de energia capaz de substituir os hidrocarbonetos. Sem energia de quantidade e qualidade adequadas, o modo de vida industrial deverá passar por um processo de decrescimento econômico que pode conduzir a um novo padrão civilizacional. A partir dessa constatação, são problematizados três modelos do processo de mudança de nosso modo de vida: uma extrapolação a partir de uma teoria habermasiana dos anos 1970; o modelo dos teóricos do pico do petróleo; e o modelo ecossocialista. Por fim, busca-se ilustrar algumas alternativas possíveis ao modo de vida industrial a partir do exame de algumas baixas tecnologias e sua viabilidade para substituir as tecnologias dependentes de energia fóssil atuais.
Title in English
Another end of the world is possible: energy, entropy, and the collapse of industrial civilization
Keywords in English
Collapse
Energy
Entropy
Renewable energy
Technology
Abstract in English
Our industrial capitalist civilization depends on economic growth to reproduce human life. For só, a constant supply of raw materials and energy is necessary in the case of energy, mostly in the form of hidrocarbons: oil, coal, and natural gas. However, data points out that fossil energy is about to reach its production peak, after which, except for the invention of a new revolutionary technology, we would have a diminishing amount of energy available. The comparative analysis of the technology used by the capitalist system and of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of renewable energies reveal that no other energy source can substitute for hidrocarbons. Withour energy in the amount and of the quality needed, the industrial way of life shall go through a process of economic shrinking, which may conduct to a new civilizational pattern. From this reasoning, three models of the process of change in our way of life are examined: an extrapolation from a Habermasian theory of the 1970s; the model of the peak oil theorists; and the ecosocialist model. Finally, an illustration of some alternatives to our carbon-dependet way of life are given through the study of low-tech.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-02-14
 
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