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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2012.tde-13092012-094622
Document
Author
Full name
Henrique de Morais Ribeiro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Pessoa Junior, Osvaldo Frota (President)
Gonzalez, Maria Eunice Quilici
Lacerda, Tessa Moura
Plastino, Caetano Ernesto
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
Title in Portuguese
Monadismo e fisicismo: um ensaio sobre as relações mente-corpo
Keywords in Portuguese
Causação mental
Debate mente/corpo
Dualismo
Emergentismo
Filosofia da mente contemporânea
Fisicismo
Holismo
Mereologia
Mônada
Monadismo
Problema mente-corpo
Relação mente-corpo
Superveniência da mente
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese, desenvolve-se um argumento explicativo da relação mente-corpo fundamentada na noção de mônada, ou substância simples, como elemento ontológico estruturante de um enfoque contemporâneo da mencionada relação. Na primeira parte da tese, de natureza crítica, analisam-se as teorias fisicistas contemporâneas da mencionada relação, a saber, a teoria de superveniência da mente, da emergência e da causação mental, com vistas a justificar a proposta de assunção de uma premissa dualista que visa, principalmente, propor, em contraste com o cenário epifenomenalista do fisicismo contemporâneo, uma ontologia da mente que seja compatível com as intuições realistas do senso comum e da psicológica popular sobre a força causal da mente no universo físico. Na segunda parte, de natureza positiva, propõe-se um argumento explicativo da relação mente-corpo partindo-se, para tanto, de uma assunção e duas premissas. A assunção afirma que a mente tem o mesmo importe ontológico da matéria física, sendo estes considerados como elementos composicionais, afirmação a qual se denomina dualismo elementar. No que se refere às premissas, propõe-se duas, a saber, a tese composicional holística, que afirma que a mente e a matéria são partes constitutivas de um todo chamado substância simples, e a tese composicional mereológica, que afirma que as substâncias simples ou mônadas compõem mereologicamente, por superveniência, a relação mente-corpo. Examinam-se também algumas objeções ao argumento monadista proposto.
Title in English
Monadism and physicalism: an essay about mind-body relations
Keywords in English
Contemporary philosophy of mind
Dualism
Emergentism
Epiphenomenalism
Holism
Mental causation
Mereology
Mind-body problem
Mind-body relation
Mind/body debate
Monad
Monadism
Physicalism
Supervenience of mind
Abstract in English
This thesis offers an explanatory argument concerning the mind-body relation, an argument that is grounded on the notion of monad, or the simple substance, as an ontological element for proposing a contemporary approach to the mind-body relation. In the first part, a critique of the current physicalist theories of mind is given, namely, supervenience, emergence and mental causation, in order to justify the proposal of a dualist premiss which aims at an ontology of mind which satisfies the realistic intuitions of common sense and of folk psychology on the causal efficacy and relevance of the mind amid the physical, in opposition to the epiphenomenalist view of contemporary physicalist theories. In the second part, the positive one, we propose an explanatory argument for monadism about mind-body relations, based on an assumption and two premises. The assumption says that the mind has the same ontological import of the physical matter, and they, mind and matter, are considered to be elements entering the composition of psychophysical relations, an assumption called elementary dualism. Regarding the premises, we propose two, namely, the holistic compositional thesis, which asserts that mind and matter are parts entering the composition of true wholes called substances, and the mereological compositional thesis, which says that such simple substances compose, via supervenience, the mind-body relations. Some objections to the proposed monadist argument are examined and rejoindered as well.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-09-13
 
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