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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2016.tde-12012016-151355
Document
Author
Full name
Wilson Alves Sparvoli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Oliva, Luís César Guimarães (President)
Chaui, Marilena de Souza
Oliveira, Érico Andrade Marques de
Pinheiro, Ulysses
Silva, Franklin Leopoldo e
Title in Portuguese
O Janus Bifronte: um ensaio sobre os limites do racionalismo em Descartes
Keywords in Portuguese
Alma-Corpo
Descartes
Leibniz
Racionalismo
Verdades Eternas
Abstract in Portuguese
Descartes é considerado tradicionalmente como um racionalista estrito, sendo reconhecido pela clareza e distinção, pela certeza e pelo saber metódico, entretanto, existem conhecimentos que extrapolam tais critérios e mesmo assim ainda ocupam um lugar importante no seu pensamento: a criação das verdades eternas, a união substancial e o homem concreto. Nessa tese, pretendemos mostrar como tais objetos, que extrapolam um saber claro e distinto ou uma compreensão completa, podem ser reabilitados no sistema, como cada um deles mantém uma margem de inteligibilidade e uma margem de ininteligibilidade, como eles são bordas do saber, com uma face voltada para a clareza e distinção e outra voltada para a obscuridade. Deus e a criação das verdades podem ser entendidos mas sem ser compreendidos; já a união substancial é uma noção primitiva mas é da alçada da sensibilidade e não do entendimento. Para ressaltar a originalidade e complexidade do pensamento cartesiano frente aos limites do racionalismo, recorremos ao pensamento de Leibniz, mostrando como as saídas leibnizianas são muito mais tradicionais e condizentes com um projeto de racionalismo estrito.
Title in English
The Janus Bifrons: an essay about the limits of rationalism in Descartes
Keywords in English
Descartes
Eternal truth
Leibniz
Rationalism
Soul-body
Abstract in English
Descartes is traditionally considered as a strict rationalist, being recognized by clearness and distinction, by certainty and by methodical knowledge, however, there are knowledges that go beyond those criteria and yet take up an important role in the thought of Descartes: the creation of eternal truths, the substantial union and the concrete man. On this thesis, we aim to show how these objects, which go beyond a clear and distinct knowledge or a whole understanding, may be rehabilitated in the system; we aim to show also how each one of those objects maintains an edge of intelligibility and an edge of inintelligibility, how they are borders of knowledge with one side turned to clearness and distinction and the other one turned to obscurity. God and the creation of truths may be understood but without being comprehended; the substantial union is a primitive notion, which, nevertheless, belongs to the sensibility, not to the understanding. To highlight the originality and complexity of Descartes thought front to the limits of rationalism, we recurred to Leibnizs thought, showing how the leibnizians solutions are much more traditional and suitable with a strict rationalism project.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-01-12
 
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