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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2012.tde-11042013-122316
Document
Author
Full name
Flávio Azevedo Reis
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Novaes Filho, Moacyr Ayres (President)
Vita, Alvaro de
Werle, Denilson Luis
Title in Portuguese
Da teoria moral à filosofia política: uma investigação do pensamento de John Rawls
Keywords in Portuguese
Contratualismo
Deontologia
Filosofia política
John Rawls
Liberalismo
Abstract in Portuguese
A dissertação investiga a passagem entre dois períodos do pensamento de John Rawls. No livro Uma teoria da justiça e nos artigos publicados durante a década de 1970, Rawls definiu o seu projeto filosófico como uma teoria moral, que visava formular uma teoria inspirada na estrutura deontológica da moral kantiana. Na dissertação, argumenta-se que Rawls identificou um problema interno a esse projeto e, durante as décadas de 80 e 90, desvinculou sua filosofia da teoria moral e passou a orientá-la pelos papéis da filosofia política. Essa reorientação significou uma modificação no modo como ele compreendeu a relação entre sua filosofia e o pensamento de Kant. A dissertação investiga, portanto, as principais características das duas orientações da filosofia de Rawls (teoria moral e papéis da filosofia política), as razões que o levaram a abandonar o projeto da teoria moral e a relação entre a sua filosofia e o pensamento de Kant. Ao fazer isso, pretende-se esclarecer as razões que levaram Rawls a utilizar o construatualismo como inspiração para sua filosofia, o significado que atribuiu ao conceito de deontologia e, também, o papel da cultura política pública na justificação da filosofia de Rawls durante o segundo período de seu pensamento.
Title in English
From moral theory to political philosophy: an investigation of John Rawls's philosophy
Keywords in English
Contractualism
Deontology
John Rawls
Liberalism
Political philosophy
Abstract in English
The dissertation investigates the changes between two periods of John Rawlss philosophy. In A theory of justice and until the late 1970s, he defined his philosophical project as part of a moral theory, that would establish a moral conception inspired by Kantian deontology. One argues that Rawls identified an internal problem in this project and, during the 1980s and 90s, he detached his conception of justice from moral theory and reoriented his efforts by an idea of the roles of political philosophy. This reorientation also meant that Rawls changed the relationship between his philosophy and Kants ethics. Therefore, the dissertation investigates the main characteristics of the two orientations of Rawlss philosophy (moral theory and roles of political philosophy), the reasons that lead him to abandon the project of a moral theory and the relationship between Rawlsian and Kantian philosophies. By doing this, one intends to understand why Rawls used the contractualist tradition as inspiration for his own philosophy, the meaning attributed to the concept of deontology, and the role of public political culture in justifying Rawlss conception of justice during the second phase of his philosophy.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-04-11
 
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