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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2006.tde-09012008-101326
Document
Author
Full name
Jose Wilson da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Zingano, Marco Antonio de Avila (President)
Angioni, Lucas
Bolzani Filho, Roberto
Title in Portuguese
A unidade das virtudes nos diálogos socráticos: uma questão de método
Keywords in Portuguese
Conhecimento
Método dialético
Método elênctico
Platão
Sócrates
Virtude
Abstract in Portuguese
Entre as teses do socratismo presentes nos primeiros Diálogos de Platão, é sobre a tese da unidade das virtudes que recaem nossos olhares nesta presente pesquisa e, particularmente, sobre as duas teses exegéticas acerca do estatuto desta unidade, a saber: a tese da bicondicionalidade e a tese da identidade. Encontramos, no desenvolver da pesquisa, insuficiências em ambas as teses. Por meio destas insuficiências chegamos a uma hipótese interpretativa: a tese da unidade das virtudes, nos diálogos socráticos, é iluminada pelo método dialético platônico. Porém, tal afirmação pressupõe uma incompatibilidade com o método socrático presente nestes Diálogos conhecido como método elênctico: ou temos o método elênctico ou o dialético. Logo, para que a pesquisa alcance um final satisfatório, apresentamos duas soluções: 1) as duas teses clássicas da unidade das virtudes fazem parte de uma terceira fundada na dialética, a dialética implica a identidade das virtudes que implica a sua inseparabilidade e a distinção entre as partes; e 2) o método elênctico, enquanto negativo que se encaminha para uma tese positiva, é um dos componentes do método dialético.
Title in English
The unity of the virtues in the Socratic dialogues: a question of method
Keywords in English
Dialectic method
Elenctic method
Knowledge
Plato
Socrates
Virtue
Abstract in English
Among the Socrates' theses found in the first Dialogues of Plato, there is one, about the unity of the virtues, which will concern us in our present research. More specifically, we will be interested in examining two ways of explaining the unity of virtues: the bicondicionality thesis and the identity thesis. We have found shortcomings in both theses. To avoid these shortcomings we propose as an interpretative hypothesis: the unity of the virtues thesis, in the Socratic Dialogues, is explained by the dialectical Platonic method. However, this affirmation has to deal with an alleged incompatibility between the Socratic elenctic method and the properly dialectical method, as it is developed in later Dialogues. So, we present two solutions to have a satisfactory final result for this research: 1) the two classic ways of explaining the unity of the virtues are part of a distinct thesis, the one based on dialectic, for dialectic implies the identity of virtues, which implies their inseparability and the difference of their parts; and 2) the elenctic method, a negative thesis, points to a positive one, that is, to the dialectical method.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-01-18
 
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