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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2018.tde-08082018-163232
Document
Author
Full name
Stelio de Carvalho Neto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Moura, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro de (President)
Andrade, Daniel Pereira
Cacciola, Maria Lucia Mello e Oliveira
Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da
Title in Portuguese
Nietzsche: da casuística do egoísmo ao amor fati
Keywords in Portuguese
Egoísmo
Generosidade
Nietzsche
Saúde
Abstract in Portuguese
O que pretendemos com esse trabalho é estabelecer um entendimento mais claro sobre o tratamento dado por Nietzsche para os temas do egoísmo e da dadivosidade. A questão se colocou a partir da leitura do canto Da Virtude Dadivosa, de Assim Falou Zaratustra. Nele, Nietzsche faz a exaltação de um egoísmo sadio e sagrado, que deve ser distinguido de um outro egoísmo, demasiado pobre, faminto, que sempre deseja furtar, o egoísmo dos doentes, o egoísmo doente. Ao egoísmo sadio é vinculada a busca por uma virtude que se predica dos atributos de um metal precioso, o ouro: Incomum é a virtude mais alta, e inútil, reluzente e de brilho suave, uma virtude dadivosa é a virtude mais alta. A ideia em princípio paradoxal de um egoísmo dadivoso foi o que ensejou nosso trabalho. Como conciliar egoísmo e doação? A resposta está no próprio Zaratustra: tornando-se dádiva. Encontramos aí uma primeira pista para a solução do nosso problema: a relação entre o egoísmo e o tornar-se ou, assumindo os termos que usaremos em nossa dissertação, entre o egoísmo e o vir a ser. Suspeitamos que o egoísmo sadio é o mesmo que o amor de si (suspeita autorizada pela etimologia do termo alemão Selbstsucht, que pode significar tanto um vício de si, quanto uma procura de si). Esse egoísmo deve ser condição para que alguém venha a ser dádiva. Verificaremos essa suspeita nos três capítulos planejados para a nossa dissertação: 1) Egoísmo do mercador e egoísmo refinado em Schopenhauer como educador; 2) Egoísmo sadio, egoísmo doente e a virtude dadivosa em Assim Falou Zaratustra; 3) Ecce Homo: da casuística do egoísmo ao amor fati.
Title in English
Nietzsche: from the casuistry of egoism to amor fati
Keywords in English
Generosity
Health
Nietzsche
Selfishness
Abstract in English
Our aim with this work is to establish a clearer understanding of Nietzsche's approach to the themes of selfishness and generosity. The problem appeared in our reading of the chant The Bestowing Virtue, from Thus Spoke Zarathustra. There, Nietzsche praises a healthy and holy selfishness that has to be distinguished from another kind of selfishness, an all-too-poor, a hungry selfishness that always want to steal, that selfishness of the sick, the sick selfishness. To the holy selfishness is related the search for a virtue that predicates itself of the attributes of a rare and precious metal, the attributes of gold: The highest virtue is uncommon and useless, it is shining and mellow in lustre: the highest virtue is a bestowing virtue. The idea of a generous selfishness, paradoxical at first, gave rise to our work. How to reconcile selfishness and bestowal? The answer seems to be in Zarathustra: becoming a gift. There we found a fist clue to the resolution of our problem: the relation between selfishness and becoming. We suspect that the healthy selfishness is the same as care of the self (suspicion allowed by the etymology of the German noun Selbstsucht, which meaning can be either a lust for oneself, or a search for oneself). This selfishness seems to be a condition for one to become a gift. We will verify our hypotheses in the three chapters planned for our dissertation: 1) Egoism of the moneymaker and refined egoism in Schopenhauer as educator; 2) Healthy selfishness, sick selfishness and the bestowing virtue in Thus spoke Zarathustra; 3) Ecce Homo: from the casuistry of egoism to amor fati.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-08-08
 
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