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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2009.tde-05032010-123532
Document
Author
Full name
Marcos Ferreira de Paula
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Chaui, Marilena de Souza (President)
Andrade, Fernando Dias
Carvalho, André Martins Vilar de
Oliva, Luís César Guimarães
Santiago, Homero Silveira
Title in Portuguese
Alegria e felicidade: a experiência do processo liberador em Espinosa
Keywords in Portuguese
Alegria
Experiência
Felicidade
Ontologia
Paixões
Razão
Abstract in Portuguese
A Ética de Espinosa é uma ontologia do necessário, da qual se pode deduzir uma ontologia da alegria. Por isso mesmo, na experiência humana dos afetos, o processo liberador que leva à felicidade é determinado pela experiência da alegria. Tudo começa no campo mesmo das alegrias passivas, campo no qual a tristeza também marca a sua presença. Presença negativa, de um lado, na medida em que implica diminuição de nossa capacidade de agir e pensar; de outro lado, presença positiva, enquanto experiência docente: a tristeza, não por si mesma, mas por sua relação específica com a alegria, ensina o corpo e a mente a lidar melhor com as alegrias a que somos desde sempre determinados a buscar, nas suas mais diversas formas. Da contrariedade afetiva envolvida na experiência das alegrias e tristezas pode nascer um desejo de verdadeira felicidade. Mas o processo liberador é marcado igualmente pela presença de um certo tipo de alegria: a hilaritas, um contentamento muito particular, uma alegria equilibrada que concorda por excelência com a razão, cujo trabalho abre diante de nós as trilhas que levam à felicidade. A razão, porém, só pode realizá-lo enquanto afeto de alegria ela mesma. Neste caso, inicia-se o percurso liberador.
Title in English
Joy and happiness: the experience of the liberator process in Spinoza
Keywords in English
Experience
Happiness
Joy
Ontology
Passion
Reason
Abstract in English
The Ethics of Spinoza's ontology of the necessary, from which to infer an ontology of joy. Therefore, in the experience of human emotions, the liberator process that leads to happiness is determined by the experience of joy. It starts in the field same of passives joys, field in which the sadness also mark their presence. Negative presence, a hand, as it involves reduction of our capacity to act and think, on the other hand, positive presence, while teaching experience: a sadness, not for itself but for its specific relationship with the joy, teaches body and mind to cope better with the joys that we are always determined to seek, in its various forms. The contrariety involved in the affective experience of joys and sadness can lead to a desire for true happiness. But the liberator process is also marked by the presence of a certain kind of joy: the hilaritas, a very special joy, a joy balanced that agrees with reason par excellence, whose work opens before us the trails that lead to happiness. The reason, however, can only accomplish it as affection of joy itself. In this case, will begin the liberator route.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-03-05
 
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