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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2011.tde-14022013-100548
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Luiz Mendes Ribeiro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Singer, Andre Vitor (President)
Lamounier, Bolivar
Limongi, Fernando de Magalhaes Papaterra
Title in Portuguese
A decadência longe do poder: refundação e crise do PFL
Keywords in Portuguese
Eleições municipais
Governismo
Partido político
PFL
Sistema partidário
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o processo de refundação do Partido da Frente Liberal (PFL), que resultou na troca de comando do partido e na substituição da denominação anterior da legenda por Democratas (DEM), em março de 2007. Assumimos a hipótese de que a transferência do PFL para a oposição a partir de 2003, fato inédito na história do partido e que foi decorrente da chegada do PT ao poder federal, foi o evento determinante para a decisão de seus dirigentes de tentar dar nova imagem e identidade ao PFL. Argumentamos também que a refundação teve como objetivo reposicionar o PFL no mercado político eleitoral brasileiro de modo a que pudesse atrair o apoio da classe média urbana localizada nas cidades de médio e grande porte. Mostramos que a passagem para a oposição desencadeou o enfraquecimento do PFL. Dois movimentos conjugados provocaram o retraimento do partido: 1) a transferência de políticos pefelistas para legendas aliadas ao governo Lula; 2) o mau desempenho eleitoral na região Nordeste, reduto tradicional do PFL em sua fase governista e que passou a ser progressivamente dominado por partidos que apoiavam a administração petista. Por fim, com base nos resultados das eleições municipais de 2000, 2004 e 2008, apresentamos dados e testes estatísticos que sustentam a ideia de que os municípios menos desenvolvidos, menos populosos, localizados no Nordeste e cujas economias são mais dependentes do setor público possuem viés governista. Isto é, nessas localidades, mais do que no restante do país, o poder local tende a se alinhar com o poder federal. Tal tendência parece fornecer uma boa explicação para o retraimento do PFL nos municípios com as características acima definidas.
Title in English
The decadence away from the power: re-foundation and crisis of the PFL
Keywords in English
Governism
Local elections
Party system
PFL
Political party
Abstract in English
This dissertation aims to analyze the re-foundation process of the Partido da Frente Liberal (PFL), which resulted in the change of command of the party and the replacement of the previous name of the legend by Democrats (DEM) in March 2007. We assume the hypothesis that the transfer of the PFL for the opposition since 2003, unprecedented in the history of the party and that was determined by the arrival of PT in the federal government, was the crucial event to the decision of party leaders to try to give new image and identity to the PFL. We argue also that the re-foundation aimed to reposition the PFL in Brazilian electoral political market in order to attract the support of the urban middle class located in large and medium-sized cities. We show that the transition to the opposition led to the weakening of the PFL. Two movements together caused the retreat of the party: 1) the transfer of PFL politicians to parties allied to Lula´s administration, 2) the poor electoral performance in the Northeast, traditional stronghold of the PFL during the time it was in the government and that was progressively dominated by parties which supported PT administration. Finally, dealing with the results of municipal elections in 2000, 2004 and 2008, we present data and statistical tests that support the idea that less developed municipalities, few populated, located in the Northeast region and whose economies are more dependent on public sector have a progovernment bias. That is, in these locations, more than in the rest of the country, local government tends to align with the federal government. This trend seems to provide a good explanation for the withdrawal of the PFL in municipalities with the characteristics specified above.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-02-14
 
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