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Thèse de Doctorat
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2015.tde-06102015-135706
Document
Auteur
Nom complet
Jairo Tadeu Pires Pimentel Junior
Adresse Mail
Unité de l'USP
Domain de Connaissance
Date de Soutenance
Editeur
São Paulo, 2015
Directeur
Jury
Singer, Andre Vitor (Président)
Balbachevsky, Elizabeth
Carreirão, Yan de Souza
Lavareda Filho, José Antonio Guimarães
Telles, Helcimara de Souza
Titre en portugais
Spots eleitorais e a decisão do voto: o caso da campanha presidencial de 2010
Mots-clés en portugais
Campanha presidencial de 2010
Dilma Rousseff
José Serra
Propaganda eleitoral
Spots eleitorais
Resumé en portugais
A propaganda eleitoral e especificamente o Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral (HGPE) são temas de numerosa quantidade de trabalhos no Brasil, mas poucos consideram analisar os spots eleitorais e mais raro ainda é o estudo de seu impacto sobre o voto. Considerando essa lacuna na literatura, esta tese visa entender como os diferentes tipos de spot eleitorais de TV (positivo, negativo e comparativo) afetam a decisão do voto no Brasil. Para tanto, o caso estudado se restringe à análise da eleição presidencial de 2010, tendo como objeto empírico os spots veiculados pelos dois principais candidatos da disputa: Dilma Rousseff e José Serra. Com base no modelo de inteligência afetiva (MARCUS; MCKUEN; NEUMAN, 2000) e uma vasta literatura dos efeitos da comunicação política sobre o voto (BRADER, 2007; TINKHAM; WEAVER-LARISCY,1993; JOHNSON-CARTEE; COPELAND,1991; MERRITT, 1984; PINKLETON, 1997), foi realizado um estudo experimental para avaliar como esses diferentes tipos de spot interferiram na escolha dos eleitores. Dentre os resultados, observa-se que os spots positivos foram eficientes em aumentar a vontade de votar nos candidatos do spot, mas pouco eficientes para diminuir a vontade de votar no candidato adversário. Em segundo lugar, verificou-se que os spots comparativos tiveram impacto mais parecido aos spots positivos do que aos negativos para a tomada de decisão do voto, o que contraria a literatura sobre o tema, que considera esse tipo de spot como negativo. Observou-se também que os spots negativos não apresentaram efeito bumerangue, o que denota grande capacidade estratégica desse tipo de spot para minar a intenção de voto do adversário sem que isso signifique necessariamente perdas para o candidato que o veicula.
Titre en anglais
Electoral spots and vote decision: the case of Brazilian presidential campaign of 2010
Mots-clés en anglais
Brazilian presidential campaign of 2010
Dilma Rousseff
Electoral advertising
Electoral spots
José Serra
Resumé en anglais
The electoral propaganda and specifically the Free Time Electoral Propaganda (HGPE) on TV are the subject of a great amount of works in Brazil, but few of them consider analyze the electoral spots and rarer still is the study of its impact on the vote. Given that gap in the literature, this thesis aims to understand how the different types of electoral TV spots (positive, negative and comparative) affect the vote decision in Brazil. Therefore, the case study is restricted to the analysis of the presidential election of 2010, having as empirical object the spots served by the two main candidates of the dispute: Dilma Rousseff and José Serra. Based on the emotional intelligence model (Marcus; McKuen; Neuman, 2000) and a vast literature of the effects of political communication on the vote (Brader, 2007; Tinkham; Weaver-Lariscy, 1993; Johnson-Cartee; Copeland, 1991; Merritt 1984; Pinkleton, 1997 etc.), an experimental study was carried out to evaluate how these different types of spot influenced the choice of the voters. Among the results, it is observed that the positive spots were effective in increasing the intention to vote in the candidate of the spot, but not efficient to reduce the intention to vote in the opponent candidate. Second, the comparative spots were more like impact to the positive spots than negative ones to influence the decision making of the vote, which is contrary to the literature on the subject, which considers such spot as negative. It was also observed that negative spots showed no boomerang effect, which shows great strategic capacity of this type of spot to undermine the intent of the opponent's vote without necessarily mean losses for the candidate that conveys.
 
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Date de Publication
2015-10-06
 
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