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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.76.2012.tde-21082012-151906
Document
Author
Full name
Renato Aparecido Pimentel da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Costa, Luciano da Fontoura (President)
Andricopulo, Adriano Defini
Batista Neto, João do Espírito Santo
Papa, João Paulo
Pinho, Suani Tavares Rubim de
Title in Portuguese
Emprego de redes complexas no estudo das relações entre morfologia individual, topologia global e aspectos dinâmicos em neurociência
Keywords in Portuguese
Modelo de Ising
Modelo SIR
Redes complexas
Redes corticais
Redes neuronais
Abstract in Portuguese
A teoria de redes complexas se consolidou nos últimos anos, graças ao seu potencial como ferramenta versátil no estudo de diversos sistemas discretos. É possível enumerar aplicações em áreas tão distintas como engenharia, sociologia, computação, linguística e biologia. Tem merecido atenção, por exemplo, o estudo da organização estrutural do cérebro, tanto em nível microscópico (em nível de neurônios) como regional (regiões corticais). Acredita-se que tal organização visa otimizar a dinâmica, favorecendo processos como sincronização e processamento paralelo. Estrutura e funcionamento, portanto, estão relacionados. Tal relação é abordada pela teoria de redes complexas nos mais diversos sistemas, sendo possivelmente seu principal objeto de estudo. Neste trabalho exploramos as relações entre aspectos estruturais de redes neuronais e corticais e a atividade nas mesmas. Especificamente, estudamos como a interconectividade entre o córtex e o tálamo pode interferir em estados de ativação do último, considerando-se o sistema tálamo-cortical do gato bem como alguns modelos para geração de rede encontrados na literatura. Também abordamos a relação entre a morfologia individual de neurônios e a conectividade em redes neuronais, e consequentemente o impacto da forma neuronal em dinâmicas atuando sobre tais redes e a eficiência das mesmas no transporte de informação. Como tal eficiência pode ter como consequência a facilitação de processos maléficos às redes, como por exemplo, ataques causados por vírus neurotrópicos, também exploramos possíveis correlações entre características individuais dos elementos que formam as redes complexas e danos causados por processos infecciosos iniciados nos mesmos.
Title in English
Employment of complex network theory on the study of the relations between individual morphology, global topology and dynamical aspects in Neuroscience
Keywords in English
Complex networks
Cortical networks
Ising model
Neuronal networks
SIR model
Abstract in English
Complex network theory has been consolidated along the last years, owing to its potential as a versatile framework for the study of diverse discrete systems. It is possible to enumerate applications in fields as distinct as Engineering, Sociology, Computing, Linguistics and Biology, to name a few. For instance, the study of the structural organization of the brain at the microscopic level (neurons), as well as at regional level (cortical areas), has deserved attention. It is believed that such organization aims at optimizing the dynamics, supporting processes like synchronization and parallel processing. Structure and functioning are thus interrelated. Such relation has been addressed by complex network theory in diverse systems, possibly being its main subject. In this thesis we explore the relations between structural aspects and the activity in cortical and neuronal networks. Specifically, we study how the interconnectivity between the cortex and thalamus can interfere in activation states of the latter, taking into consideration the thalamocortical system of the cat, along with networks generated through models found in literature. We also address the relation between the individual morphology of the neurons and the connectivity in neuronal networks, and consequently the effect of the neuronal shape on dynamic processes actuating over such networks and on their efficiency on information transport. As such efficiency can consequently facilitate prejudicial processes on the networks, e.g. attacks promoted by neurotropic viruses, we also explore possible correlations between individual characteristics of the elements forming such systems and the damage caused by infectious processes started at these elements.
 
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Errata.pdf (144.00 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-08-22
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • DA SILVA, RENATO APARECIDO PIMENTEL, and COSTA, LUCIANO DA FONTOURA. THE EFFECT OF CORTICO-THALAMIC CONNECTIONS ON THE DIVERSITY OF CORTICAL ACTIVATIONS AS MODELED BY THE ISING MODEL [doi:10.1142/S0218127410026502]. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos [online], 2010, vol. 20, n. 5, p. 1321.
  • SILVA, Renato Aparecido Pimentel da, VIANA, Matheus Palhares, and COSTA, Luciano da Fontoura. Predicting epidemic outbreak from individual features of the spreaders [doi:10.1088/1742-5468/2012/07/P07005]. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment [online], 2012, vol. 2012, n. 7, p. P07005.
  • SILVA, R. A. P., VIANA, M. P., and COSTA, L. da F.. The Effect of Host Morphology on Network Characteristics and Thermodynamical Properties of Ising Model Defined on the Network of Human Pyramidal Neurons. In COSTA, Luciano da Fontoura, et al. Complex Networks [doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25501-4_10]. Editor. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. chap. 10. p. 96-107. Communications in Computer and Information Science.
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