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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.76.2004.tde-13092007-104317
Document
Author
Full name
Marcelo Santos Castilho
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Oliva, Glaucius (President)
Barreiro, Eliezer Jesus de Lacerda
Garratt, Richard Charles
Montanari, Carlos Alberto
Pupo, Monica Tallarico
Title in Portuguese
Planejamento racional de drogas contra tripanosomatídeos: gGAPDH de Trypanosoma cruzi e XPRT de Leishmania major
Keywords in Portuguese
Cristalografia de raios x
Docking
gGAPDH
Tripanosomatídeos
XPRT
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o objetivo de descobrir moléculas com atividade inibitória contra enzimas alvo de tripanosomatídeos, as estruturas cristalográficas da enzima gliceraldeído-3-fosfato desidrogenase em complexo com dois análogos de 1,3-bisfosfoglicerato (compostos 30 e 33) foram determinadas por difração de raios X, estudos de modelagem molecular foram realizados e o gene xprt (xantina fosforibosiltransferase) de Leishmania major foi clonado e super-expresso em Escherichia coli, e a enzima correspondente foi purificada e caracterizada cinéticamente. O complexo gGAPDH-33 foi determinado até 2,5A e revelou como esse análogo do intermediário tiocetal se liga na enzima. O modelo final da proteína com o inibidor foi refinado utilizando um conjunto de dados com 97,5% de completeza, com um R final de 0,20. Essa estrutura cristalográfica fornece a primeira evidência experimental do mecanismo flip-flop, que descreve como o substrato se desloca do sítio de ligação do fosfato inorgânico para o sítio do fosfato orgânico. O complexo gGAPDH-30 foi determinado até 2,75A de resolução, a partir de um conjunto de dados com 92,4% de completeza e revela o modo de interação dessa classe de inibidores com a gGAPDH. O modelo final apresenta R igual a 0,19. Essa estrutura foi utilizada para estudos de modelagem molecular que explicam a diferença de atividade dessa classe de inibidores entre a gGAPDH de Trypanosoma cruzi e de Trypanosoma brucei. Com relação a XPRT de L. major, essa enzima apresenta uma grande afinidade por hipoxantina, quando comparada a enzima homóloga de L. donovani. Com a finalidade de tentar entender esse comportamento, estudos de modelagem por homologia estão sendo realizados.
Title in English
Rational design of anti-trypanosomatids drugs: T. cruzi gGAPDH and Leishmania major XPRT
Keywords in English
Docking
gGAPDH
Trypanosomatids
X-ray Crystallography
XPRT
Abstract in English
Aiming at discover molecules with good inhibitory activity against tripanosomatides enzymatic targets, the crystallographic structures of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in complex with 1,3 bisfosfoglyceric acid analogues (30 and 33)were solved, molecular modeling studies were undertaken and xprt (xanthine phosphorybosil transferase) gene from Leishmania major was cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme thus obtained was purified and kinetically characterized. .gGAPDH-33 complex, up to 2,5A resolution revealed the tioketal intermediate binding mode. The final model was refined to R 0.20 from a 97,5% completeness dataset. The crystallographic structure gives, for the first time, experimental evidence for the flip-flop mechanism, which describes how the substrate goes from inorganic-phosphate binding site to substratephosphate binding site. gGAPDH-30 complex, solved to 2,75A resolution, revealed the inhibitor binding mode. The final model has R= 0,19 and was refined from a 92,4% completeness dataset. This structure was used as the framework upon which modeling studies were performed. Modeling results suggest why these inhibitors show a different inhibitory profile against Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi. L. major XPRT shows a high affinity for hypoxanthine, an alternative substrate, when compared to L. donovani XPRT, aiming at understand this behavior homology modeling studies are currently under progress.
 
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MarceloCastilho.pdf (7.46 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-09-21
 
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