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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.76.2013.tde-03012014-143329
Document
Author
Full name
Mariane Leite
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Andricopulo, Adriano Defini (President)
Hallwass, Fernando
Villar, Jose Daniel Figueroa
Title in Portuguese
Triagem e seleção de inibidores da enzima cruzaína do parasita Trypanosoma cruzi
Keywords in Portuguese
Trypanosoma cruzi
Cruzaína
Planejamento de fármacos
Química medicinal
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença de Chagas, uma infecção parasitária amplamente distribuída na América Latina, é um problema grave de saúde pública com consequências devastadoras em termos de morbidade e mortalidade humana. As alternativas terapêuticas existentes são limitadas e insuficientes devido principalmente à baixa eficácia e elevada toxicidade. Visando o planejamento de novos candidatos a agentes antichagásicos, diversas vias bioquímicas e proteínas do parasita são alvos de estudos. A enzima cruzaína, uma cisteíno-protease envolvida em todos os estágios de desenvolvimento e diferenciação do Trypanosoma cruzi, foi selecionada como alvo molecular em nosso grupo para o presente trabalho de dissertação de mestrado. Duas séries de compostos foram avaliadas através de ensaios bioquímicos com a enzima alvo. A primeira série consiste de 14 derivados de chalconas e hidrazonas, sendo que 8 compostos apresentaram atividade inibitória frente a cruzaína, com valores superiores a 70%. Destes, destaca-se a hidrazona 19, que apresentou significativa potência in vitro, com valor de IC50 de 220 nM. A segunda série investigada, formada por 11 compostos selecionados previamente através de triagens virtuais, apresentou interessante perfil inibitório. Nove compostos apresentaram elevada potência, sendo que 7 exibiram valores de IC50 na faixa nanomolar, entre 646 nM (composto 32) e 11,3 nM (composto 24). Os resultados extremamente positivos alcançados neste trabalho demonstram a importância da avaliação experimental através de ensaios bioquímicos padronizados, que foi fundamental para a caracterização e a validação destas séries de inibidores. A diversidade química estudada é significativa e os melhores compostos serão muito úteis em etapas futuras de pesquisa de nosso grupo envolvendo os processos de descoberta e otimização de compostos líderes. Neste contexto, atenção especial será dada aos compostos 19, 28 e 34 que representam modelos extremamente atrativos em química medicinal e planejamento de fármacos.
Title in English
Screening and selection of inhibitors of the cruzain enzyme from the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi
Keywords in English
Trypanosoma cruzi
Cruzain
Drug design
Medicinal chemistry
Abstract in English
Chagas' disease, a parasitic infection widely distributed in Latin America, is a serious public health problem with devastating consequences in terms of human morbidity and mortality. The existing therapeutic alternatives are limited and insufficient, mainly due to low efficacy and high toxicity. Aiming at the design of new antichagasic agents, a variety of biochemical pathways and parasite proteins are currently being investigated as drug targets. The enzyme cruzain, a cysteine protease involved in all stages of development and differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi, has been selected as molecular target in this dissertation work. Two series of compounds have been evaluated through biochemical assays with the target enzyme. The first series consists of 14 hydrazone and chalcone derivatives, where 8 compounds showed inhibitory activity against cruzain, with values greater than 70%. Of these, the hydrazone 19 showed significant in vitro potency with a value of 220 nM. The second series investigated, comprising 11 compounds previously selected by a virtual screening approach, showed interesting inhibitory profile. Nine compounds showed high potency, and 7 exhibited IC50 values in the nanomolar range from 646 nM (compound 32) to 11.3 nM (compound 24). The promising results achieved in this study demonstrate the importance of the experimental evaluation using standard biochemical assays, which was essential for the characterization and validation of these series of inhibitors. The chemical diversity explored is significant and the most potent compounds will be useful in future steps of our research group involving the processes of lead discovery and optimization. In this context, special attention will be given to compounds 19, 28 and 34 which represent extremely attractive models in medicinal chemistry and drug design.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-01-07
 
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