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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.75.2009.tde-25082009-111927
Document
Author
Full name
Leticia Felipe Abdias Pinto
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Cavalheiro, Carla Cristina Schmitt (President)
Carlos, Rose Maria
Tiera, Márcio José
Title in Portuguese
Derivados de tioxantonas como fotoestabilizadores ou aceleradores na fotodegradação de polímeros
Keywords in Portuguese
fotodegradação
poliestireno
tioxantona
Abstract in Portuguese
A Tioxantona (TX) e a Benzofenona (BP) são cetonas frequentemente utilizadas como sensibilizadores em reações fotoquímicas. Assim, foi investigada a degradação de filmes de poliestireno (PS) contendo TX e BP como fotossensibilizadores. Os filmes foram irradiados em λ > 350 nm, em condições e tempos diferentes. As mudanças espectrais dos filmes foram acompanhadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho e UV-Vis e as mudanças no peso molecular foram acompanhadas por cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho (SEC). Os espectros UV-Vis mostraram que TX sofre fotobranqueamento após 5 h, ao contrário de BP que é fotoestável. Simultaneamente, os polímeros contendo grupos cromóforos são formados e a luz é absorvida. Os fotoprodutos nos filmes contendo TX e BP mostraram um aumento de absorbância entre 280-360 nm e 310-370 nm, respectivamente. Os picos de IV em torno de 3645 e 1740 cm-1 indicam a geração de hidroperóxidos e espécies carbonílicas, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que TX gerou mais fotoprodutos do que a BP. Os filmes de PS irradiados apresentaram uma diminuição no peso molecular indicando que ocorreu a cisão na cadeia polimérica. A fotofísica dos estados excitados de TX e TX quimicamente incorporada no poliestireno (PS-TX I e PS-TX II) foi estudada, com a finalidade de estudar o comportamento como fotossensibilizador na fotodegradação do PS. O triplete-triplete (T-T) e transientes de TX e TX contendo poliestireno foram estudados em diferentes solventes, para verificar o efeito de polaridade do solvente. Uma boa correlação foi encontrada entre o solvente ET(30) e parâmetro de energia do T-T. A constante de velocidade de supressão para a desativação do triplete de TX por trietanolamina diminuiu quando aumentou-se a polaridade do solvente. Essa variação é representada pela escala de polaridade do solvente através dos parâmetros π*, α e β.
Title in English
Thioxanthones derivatives as photostabilizator or accelerators in photodegradation of polymer
Keywords in English
photodegradation
polystyrene
thioxantone
Abstract in English
Many ketones, quinones and peroxides are initiators of different reactions such as polymerization, degradation, chemical modification that occur in organic compounds. Thioxanthone (TX) and Benzophenone (BP) are ketones often used as photosensitizers in photochemical reactions. The degradation of polystyrene films containing TX and BP was investigated. Films were irradiated at λ > 350 nmin different conditions at different times. The changes were investigated by infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopies and the molecular weight were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The UV-Vis spectra showed that TX is photobleached after 5 h, unlike BP which is photostable. Simultaneously, polymers containing chromoforic groups are formed and the light is absorbed by them. The formation of photoproducts films containing TX and BP showed an increase of absorbance between 280-360 nm and 310-370 nm, respectively. The IR peaks around 3645 and 1740 cm-1 indicated the generation of hydroperoxide and carbonyl species, respectively. The results showed that thioxanthone has generated more photoproducts than benzophenone. The UV-Vis irradiation of PS films in both samples presented a decrease in the molecular weight after irradiation, indicating that polymer chain scission occurs. The photophysics of the excited states of thioxanthone (TX) and thioxanthone which was chemically incorporated in polystyrene (PS-TX I and PS-TX II) have been studied in order to be able to predict their behavior as photoinitiator in photodegradation of PS. The triplet-triplet (TT) and transient absorptions of thioxanthone and thioxanthone-containing polystyrene (PS-TX I and PS-TX II) has been studied in different solvents in order to ascertain the effect of the solvent. A good correlation is found between the solvent ET(30) parameter and the energy of the triplet-triplet. The quenching rate constants for the deactivation of triplet thioxanthone by triethanolamine decreases when the solvent polarity increases. This variation is represented by the π*, α and β scale of solvent polarity.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-08-27
 
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