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Mémoire de Maîtrise
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.75.2008.tde-14102008-095435
Document
Auteur
Nom complet
Mariana Provedel Martins
Unité de l'USP
Domain de Connaissance
Date de Soutenance
Editeur
São Carlos, 2008
Directeur
Jury
Porto, Andre Luiz Meleiro (Président)
Nitschke, Marcia
Santos, Lourdes Campaner dos
Titre en portugais
Biotransformação de epóxidos com fungos de origem marinha e síntese de cloroidrinas
Mots-clés en portugais
biotransformação
epóxidos
haloidrinas
lipase
Resumé en portugais
Neste trabalho realizou-se uma triagem com os fungos de origem marinha Trichoderma sp Gc1, Penicillium miczynskii Gc5, Penicillium raistrickii Ce16 e Aspergilus sydowii Gc12 para catalisar a abertura do (RS)-2-(benziloximetil)oxirano (2). O melhor resultado foi obtido com o fungo Trichoderma sp Gc1, pois forneceu o (R)-(-)-2-(benziloximetil)oxirano (2) com excesso enantiomérico de 60 % e rendimento isolado de 39 %; o diol (S)-(+)-1,2-propanodiol-3-fenilmetóxi (2a) com excesso enantiomérico de 32 % e rendimento de 19 %. Posteriormente otimizou-se as condições experimentais com o epóxido 2 e o fungo Trichoderma sp Gc1, variando-se a massa de biocatalisador, o meio de cultura e o tempo de reação. Os melhores resultados sob essas condições foram aplicadas para os epóxidos 3-5 fornecendo o (S)-(+)-2-[4-metoxifenoxi)metil]oxirano (3a), (S)-(+)-2-(propeniloxi)oriano (4), (R)-(+)-1-alilóxi-2,3-propanodiol (4a) e o (-)-9-deceno-1,2-diol (5a). Nesses estudos embora ocorreu a abertura seletiva dos epóxidos com as células totais do fungo Trichoderma sp Gc1, não obteve-se altas purezas enantioméricas dos produtos. Ainda nesse trabalho realizou-se a síntese das cloroidrinas racêmicas, a (RS)- 1-cloro-2-propanol- 3-fenilmetóxi (2b), (RS)- 1-cloro-2-propanol- 3-(4-metoxifenóxi) (3b) e (RS)- 1-alilóxi-3-cloro-2-propanol (4b) em bons rendimentos e uma metodologia sintética ambientalmente apropriada, pois os compostos foram preparados em meio aquoso na presença de íons cloreto. Em seguida realizou-se uma resolução enzimática da (RS)-1-alilóxi-3-cloro-2-propanol (4b) com a lipase de Candida antarctica onde obteve-se a clorodrina 4a (e.e. 72 %) e o seu correspondente produto acetilado 4c (e.e. 82 %) em bons excessos enantioméricos. Conclui-se que os fungos de origem marinha utilizados neste trabalho são potenciais fontes de epóxido-hidrolases para promover a abertura seletiva de epóxidos.
Titre en anglais
Biotranformation of epoxides with seawater microorganisms and sinthesys of racemic chloroidrines
Mots-clés en anglais
biotransformations
epoxides
haloidrines
lipases
Resumé en anglais
In this work carried out itself the first study biocatalytic involving reactions of reduction of cetonas with fungi of marine origin. They were utilized 7 cetonas commercial as substratos and 8 fungi derived little seas like biocatalisadores. The fungi were isolated of the sponges little seas Geodia corticostylifera (Trichoderma sp Gc1, Penicillium miczynskii Gc5, Aspergillus sydowii Gc12) and Chelonaplysylla erect (Bionectria sp Ce5, Aspergillus sydowii Ce15, Penicillium raistrickii Ce16 and Aspergillus sydowii Ce19). The reduction 2-chloro-1-phenylethanone (1) was studied under several conditions of reaction (changes of pH, addition or absence of glucose) and the best result was with fungus P. miczynskii Gc5, therefore itself obteve an isolated performance of 60% and excess enantiomeric of 50% for the (S)- 2-chloro-1- phenylethanol (1a). The interesting one in these studies was that all of the fungi utilized in the selection with the 2-chloro-1-phenylethanone (1) presented selectivity anti- Prelog. In the literature is common obtain reduction enzymatic with selectivity Prelog. To 2-bromo-1-phenylethanone (2) was biotransformaded by the fungus A. sydowii Ce19 you correspond composed: (S)-2-bromo-1-phenylethanol (2a), (S)-2-cloro-1- phenylethanol (1a), whereas to (2c), 2-chloro-1-phenylethanone (1) and the 2- phenyloxirane (2b) were obtained by reactions not enzymatic. To 2-bromo-1-(4- bromophenyl)ethanone (3) and to 2-bromo-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone (4) were entirely biodegradadas by the fungus A. sydowii Ce19. The reduction biocatalytic of the 1-(2- iodophenyl)ethanol (5) and 1-(3-iodophenyl)ethanol (6) with the fungus Trichoderma sp Gc1 supplied the 1-(2-iodophenyl)ethanol (5a) and the 1-(3-iodophenyl)ethanol (6a) with excellent excesses enantiomeric (e.e. > 99%). It stayed verified also that the fungi derived little seas for promote the reactions of reduction by biocatalysis are going to be cultivated in water of the artificial sea.
 
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MarianaProvedelR.pdf (2.51 Mbytes)
Date de Publication
2008-10-15
 
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