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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2019.tde-27112019-165116
Document
Author
Full name
Amanda Larissa Gomes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Fernandes, Andrezza Maria (President)
Kamimura, Eliana Setsuko
Keller, Luiz Antonio Moura
Pereira, Nycolas Levy
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da micobiota da ração e da ocorrência de resíduos de afloxitonas nos tecidos de peixes redondos
Keywords in Portuguese
AFB1
Aquicultura
CLAE
Micotoxinas
Piscicultura
Abstract in Portuguese
Entre as espécies de pescado mais consumidas no Brasil estão os peixes redondos. A presença de fungos potencialmente toxigênicos na ração, especialmente os produtores de aflatoxinas (AF), é relevante pelo fato dessas toxinas poderem ser ingeridas pelos animais e serem cumulativas nos tecidos dos peixes, alcançando os consumidores humanos. A legislação brasileira estabelece o limite máximo de 50 µg/kg para aflatoxinas totais em rações destinadas ao consumo animal, e não há limites para as aflatoxinas (exceto AFM1) em produtos de origem animal. O estudo tem por finalidade avaliar a micobiota da ração e a ocorrência de resíduos de aflatoxinas em tecidos de peixes redondos provenientes de pisciculturas e propriedades pesque-pague. Foram coletadas 26 amostras de ração (200 g) e 30 amostras de peixes (aproximadamente 1 kg cada). O fígado e músculo foram submetidos à detecção e quantificação das aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 pelo método de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Nas rações avaliadas, a contagem fúngica obtida nas amostras variou de 2,00 a 4,70 log unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC)/g e os principais gêneros encontrados foram Penicillium (61,54%), Aspergillus (34,61%) e Rhizopus (11,54%). A AFB1 foi detectada no fígado em 70% das amostras, com concentração média de 0,38 µg/kg, enquanto que AFB2, AFG1 e AFG2 foram detectadas em 10%, 36,7% e 10% das amostras, respectivamente, com médias de 0,31 µg/kg, 0,16 µg/kg e 0,22 µg/kg, respectivamente. No músculo dos peixes foram encontradas AFB1 em 43,3% das amostras, com média de 0,24 µg/kg, AFB2 em 26,7%, com média de 0,11 µg/kg e AFG1 em 16,7%, com valores médios de 0,20 µg/kg. Conclui-se que pode haver ocorrência de resíduos de aflatoxinas no fígado e músculo de peixes redondos e deve-se controlar a exposição dos peixes às aflatoxinas, a fim de evitar riscos aos consumidores.
Title in English
Evaluation of feed mycobiota and the occurrence of aflatoxins residues in round fish tissues
Keywords in English
AFB1
Aquaculture
Fish farming
HPLC
Mycotoxins
Abstract in English
The round fish is the most consumed fish among the fish species in Brazil. The presence of potentially toxigenic fungi in the diet, especially aflatoxin (AF) producers, is relevant because these toxins can be ingested by the animals and are cumulative in fish tissues, reaching human consumers. Brazilian legislation establishes the maximum limit of 50 µg/kg for total aflatoxins in feed intended for animal consumption, and there are no limits for aflatoxinas (except AFM1) in products of animal origin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feed mycobiota and the occurrence of aflatoxin residues in round fish tissues from fish farms and fishery-pay properties. Twenty-six feed samples (200 g) and 30 fish samples (approximately 1 kg each) were collected. The liver and muscle were submitted to the detection and quantification of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the evaluated feed, the fungal count obtained in the samples varied from 2.00 to 4.70 log colonies counting units (CFU)/g and the main genera were Penicillium (61.54%), Aspergillus (34.61%) and Rhizopus (11.54% ). AFB1 was detected in the liver in 70% of the samples, with a mean concentration of 0.38 µg/kg, whereas AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were detected in 10%, 36.7% and 10% of the samples, respectively, with averages of 0.31 µg/kg, 0.16 µg/kg and 0.22 µg/kg, respectively. In the fish muscle AFB1 was found in 43.3% of the samples, with a mean of 0.24 µg/kg, AFB2 in 26.7%, with a mean of 0.11 µg/kg and AFG1 in 16.7%, with mean values of 0.20 µg/kg. It is concluded that there may be aflatoxin residues in the liver and round fish muscle, and the fish exposure to aflatoxins should be controlled in order to avoid risks to consumers.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-11
 
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