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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2010.tde-29092010-134509
Document
Author
Full name
Luciana Cecília Maganha
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de (President)
Kamimura, Eliana Setsuko
Sá, Patricia Blumer Zacarchenco de
Title in Portuguese
Efeito da inclusão de leite em pó e açúcar sobre a viabilidade de bactérias probióticas em leite fermentado desnatado
Keywords in Portuguese
Leite
Leite fermentado
Probióticos
Qualidade
Sólidos totais
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de leite em pó desnatado e de açúcar sobre a viabilidade de microrganismos probióticos e a qualidade do leite fermentado desnatado. Para isso, foram constituídos 8 tratamentos, a saber: 1. leite desnatado (LD) e padronizado com 0,2% de gordura (LD 0,2%G); 2. LD 0,2%G + 5% de leite em pó (Lp); 3. LD 0,2%G + 10% de Lp; 4. LD 0,2%G + 15% de Lp; 5. LD 0,2%G + 5% de Lp + 10% de açúcar (A); 6. LD 0,2%G + 10% de Lp + 10% de A; 7. LD 0,2%G + 15% de Lp + 10% de A; 8. LD 0,2%G + 10% de A. Foi preparada a cultura láctea mista DVS ABT-4 (Chr-Hansen) contendo Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis e Lactobacillus acidophilus, que foi aplicada em todos os tratamentos para a fermentação e produção do leite fermentado. O produto foi então envasado e armazenado a 5ºC para as análises subseqüentes. Os leites fermentados foram submetidos à avaliação físico-química, microbiológica e sensorial nos dias 1, 10 e 21 após a fabricação. Os resultados mostraram que todos os tratamentos permaneceram de acordo com a legislação brasileira no que diz respeito aos aspectos físico-químicos, além de os mesmos terem permanecido constantes durante os 21 dias de armazenamento, com exceção do pH, que diminuiu nos dias seguintes a fabricação em decorrência da pós-acidificaçao dos leites fermentados. Quanto às características microbiológicas, observou-se maiores contagens nos tratamentos com maior teor de leite em pó (tratamentos 3, 4, 6 e 7), principalmente para as bactérias probióticas, com diferença estatisticamente significativa entre todos os tratamentos. Entretanto, a adição de açúcar não interferiu nas contagens de probióticos dos leites fermentados. As contagens microbiológicas permaneceram constantes durante todos os 21 dias de armazenamento. O tratamento 6 (LD 0,2%G + 10% de Lp + 10% de A) foi o que obteve melhores notas na avaliação sensorial nos dias 1, 10 e 21 de armazenamento, indicando ser esta formulação a melhor dentre as estudadas para a aceitação do produto com maior viabilidade de bactérias probióticas.
Title in English
Effect of milk powder and sugar inclusion on the viability of probiotic bacteria in fermented skim milk
Keywords in English
Fermented milk
Milk
Probiotics
Quality
Total solids
Abstract in English
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of skimmed milk powder and sugar inclusion on the viability of probiotic microorganisms and on the quality of skimmed fermented milk. Eight different treatments were prepared: 1. Skimmed and standardized milk (SM) at 0,2% of fat (SM 0,2%F); 2. SM 0,2%F + 5% of milk powder (MP); 3. SM 0,2%F + 10% MP; 4.SM 0,2%F + 15% MP; 5. SM 0,2%F + 5% MP + 5% of sugar (S); 6. SM 0,2%F + 10% MP + 5% S; 7. SM 0,2%F + 15%MP + 10%S; 8. SM 0,2%F + 10%S. The mixed lactic culture DVS ABT-4 (Chr-Hansen) containing Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus acidophilus was prepared and placed in all the treatments for the fermented milk fermentation and production. The product was bottled and stored at 5°C for the subsequent analyses. The fermented milks were submitted to physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses on the 1st, 10th and 21st days after production. Results for the physic-chemical analyses showed that all the treatments comprised the requirements as adopted in Brazilian regulations. All the physical-chemical variables were constant during the 21 days of storage, except for the pH, which decreased during storage because of the fermented milks post-acidification. For the microbiological analyses, greater numbers, especially the probiotic bacteria, were obtained in treatments with higher milk powder content (treatments 3, 4, 6 and 7), with significant statistical differences among all the treatments. However, the sugar addition did not interfere with the recovery of probiotic bacteria in the fermented milks. The microbiological data were constant during the 21 days of storage. Results obtained in the sensory analyses showed that treatment 6 was the one with higher grades on days 1, 10 and 21 of storage, hence indicating that this composition is the best one among those studied for acceptability of the product with greater viability of probiotic bacteria.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-09-29
 
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