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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2014.tde-25092014-163252
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Strozzi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Herling, Valdo Rodrigues (President)
Rossi, Fabrício
Silva, Luis Felipe Prada e
Title in Portuguese
Características produtivas, fisiológicas e bromatológicas do capim-marandu sob doses de nitrogênio e pastejo por ovinos
Keywords in Portuguese
Adubação
Pastagem
Perfilhamento
Abstract in Portuguese
Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex. A. Rich) Stapf apresenta boa adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas brasileiras e é muito utilizada como planta forrageira em pastagem na produção de bovinos. Apesar de seu potencial na produção de ovinos, ainda são necessárias novas investigações para aperfeiçoar o seu manejo. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar as características produtivas, fisiológicas e bromatológicas de um pasto formado por Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, fertilizada com doses de nitrogênio (N) e sob pastejo ovino. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados com 04 repetições e 05 tratamentos experimentais: 0; 90; 180; 270; 360 kg de N.ha-1, totalizando 20 parcelas experimentais. O método de pastejo foi o rotativo, com ciclo de pastejo de 30 dias, sendo 25 dias de descanso e 5 dias de ocupação, como forma de rebaixar o pasto à altura de resíduo de 6 cm. As medições no pasto foram feitas a cada 3 dias em 3 ciclos de pastejo, quando se avaliou: o fluxo de tecidos, a dinâmica de perfilhamento, a produção e a composição bromatológica da planta forrageira. Para massa seca de forragem verificou-se comportamento quadrático nas doses crescentes de N, atingindo o platô em 246 kg.ha-1. As variáveis taxas de senescência foliar, peso médio e densidade populacional de perfilhos não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pela adubação nitrogenada enquanto que a taxa de alongamento e de aparecimento de folhas, a taxa de alongamento de colmo, o número de folhas vivas, o comprimento final de folhas foram influenciados pela adubação nitrogenada (P<0,05). O filocrono e a duração de vida da folha foram mais curtos na presença do N. Em relação às características bromatológicas, o N afetou positivamente nos teores de FDA, FDN, e PB. Pelo manejo imposto aos pastos, a utilização do N teve efeito positivo nas características fisiológicas, produtivas e nutritivas do capim-marandu.
Title in English
Productive, physiological and chemical characteristics of Marandugrass under nitrogen and grazing by sheep
Keywords in English
Fertilization
Grazing
Tillering
Abstract in English
Brachiaria Brizantha (Hochst ex. A. Rich) Stapf is well adapted to Brazilian climatic conditions, and is widely used as a forage grass on pasture production in cattle. Despite its potential for use in the present sheep production, further research studies are still needed to optimize their management. The objective of this research was evaluate yield, physiological and chemical characteristics of a pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, fertilized with nitrogen and grazing sheep. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 04 replications and 05 experimental treatments: 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg N.ha-1 totaling 20 experimental plots. The grazing method was rotating with cicle of grazing of 30 days, 25 days of rest and 5 days of occupancy to reach height of pasture residue of 6 cm. Measurements were made in the pasture every 3 days, at,three grazing cycle evaluated. Thus analyzing the flow of plant tissue, the dynamics of tillering, yield and composition chemical of forage. For dry herbage mass there was a quadratic behavior in increasing doses. The increase of N, there was a quadratic behavior, reaching a plateau where the best dose was 270 kg.ha-1. The variables leaf senescence rate, average weight and tiller density were not affected (P>0.05) by use of N, while the variables leaf elongation rate and appearance, stem elongation rate, number of living leaves, final length of leaves were influenced by nitrogen fertilization (P<0.05), Phyllochron and lifetime leaves were shorter in the presence of N. Regarding the chemical caracteristics, the presence of N affected positively the levels of the ADF, NDF and CP, The grazing management imposed, the use of N had a positive effect on the physiological, productive and chemical characteristics of Marandugrass.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-09-29
 
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