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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.7.2006.tde-15012007-163101
Document
Author
Full name
Rosimeire Barbosa Fonseca Guastaldi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Secoli, Silvia Regina (President)
Padilha, Katia Grillo
Peterlini, Maria Angélica Sorgini
Title in Portuguese
Interações medicamentosas potenciais: um estudo dos antimicrobianos utilizados em pacientes submetidos a transplante de medula óssea
Keywords in Portuguese
Enfermagem oncológica
Interação de medicamentos
Quimioterápicos
Transplante de medula óssea
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente estudo caracterizou o perfil farmacológico utilizado por pacientes submetidos a transplante de medula óssea (TMO), identificou as combinações existentes entre antimicrobianos potencialmente interativos e outros medicamentos decorrentes da co-administração e analisou, a partir das combinações identificadas, as interações medicamentosas (IM) potenciais quanto aos seguintes aspectos: tipo de IM, nível de severidade, evidência cientifica e implicações clínicas potenciais. Analisaram-se 70 prescrições de medicamentos de pacientes submetidos a TMO, que se encontraram na fase de condicionamento (dia –1), e que estiveram internados, no período de janeiro a junho de 2005, no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os dados relativos ao perfil terapêutico dos medicamentos foram coletados do prontuário do paciente, e aqueles acerca das IM foram obtidos por meio de consulta ao Drug Interactions Facts e Drug Interactions Handbook. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e analiinferencial sendo aplicada a regressão logística multivariada. Os resultados apontaram que a amostra foi composta em sua maioria por pacientes do sexo masculino (52,9%), com média de idade de 37 anos, com diagnósticos de linfomas (38,6%) e submetidos a transplantes do tipo autólogo (65,7%). Quanto ao perfil terapêutico observou-se 33 medicamentos distintos pertencentes a 8 classes terapêuticas com predomínio dos quimioterápicos (34%). Observou-se que 72,7% dos medicamentos apresentaram potencial para interação medicamentosa, sendo que 79,2% eram precipitadores. Quanto à análise das características farmacológicas que predispunham as IM verificou-se que 66,6% dos medicamentos afetavam o metabolismo hepático, inibindo-o (45,8%) ou estimulando-o (20,8%). Entre os quimioterápicos antimicrobianos 66,7% apresentaram características potencialmente interativas. Metade da amostra foi exposta a combinações de antimicrobianos potencialmente interativos (fluconazol, ciprofloxacina e sulfametoxazol+trimetoprima) e outros medicamentos; sendo identificadas 13 IM distintas, todas do tipo farmacocinética. A maioria das IM (92,3%) apresentou severidade moderada, com bom nível de evidência cientifica (61,6%), que poderiam resultar em elevação dos níveis séricos do agente combinado com o antimicrobiano (77,0%), com tempo de inicio dos efeitos demorado (61,5%). Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre ocorrência de IM e sexo (p<0,001); entre IM e faixa etária (p<0,001); entre IM e número de medicamentos (p<0,001)
Title in English
Potential drug interactions: An anti-microbial study using patients who undergo bone marrow transplant
Keywords in English
Bone marrow transplantation
Chemotherapy
Drug interactions
Oncology nursing
Abstract in English
The present study have characterized the pharmacologic profile used by patients who undergo bone marrow transplant (BMT); identified the existing combinations between the potentially interactive anti-microbial drugs and those deriving from co-administration; and analyzed, using identified combinations, the possible drug interactions (DI) in regard to the following aspects: type of DI, severity level, scientific evidence, and potential medical implications. There were analyzed 70 prescriptions medication for patients who underwent a BMT in the phase of conditioning (day – 1), and who were in the hospital within the period of January to June 2005, in the Heart Institute of the School of Medicine Hospital of the University of São Paulo (Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo). The data related to the medication therapy profile were collected from the patient handbook and the DI data were obtained by looking up in the Drug Interactions Facts and Drug Interactions Handbook. For data analysis, the description and inferential statistics were used and the multi-diverse logistic regression was applied. The results pointed out that the sample was primarily of patients of masculine gender (52,9%), with an average age of 37 years old, with lymphoma diagnosis (38,6%) and who were undergoing auto-transplants (65,7%). In regard to therapeutic profile, there were observed 33 different drugs from 8 therapy classes mainly of chemotherapy (34%). 72,7% of the medications showed to be potentially drug interactive, whereas 79,2% of them were precipitators. As for the pharmacology characteristic analysis that predisposes DI, it was verified that 66,6% of the medications affected the hepatic metabolism by inhibiting it (45,8%) or stimulating it (20,8%). Among the anti-microbial chemotherapy drugs, 66,7% presented potentially interactive characteristics. Half of the sample were exposed to anti-microbial combinations potentially interactive (fluconazole, ciprofloxacin e sulphamethoxazole+trimethoprim) and other medicaments; where 13 different DI were identified, all of them of the pharmacokinetic type. Most of the DI (92,3%) presented moderate severity, with good level of scientific evidence (61,6%), which could result in a higher level of serum of the agent when combined with the anti-microbial drugs (77,0%), with prolonged time for starting the effects (61,5%). There was a statistically significant association between the DI occurrence and sex (p<0,001); between DI and 40-49 year-old age-group (p<0,001); between DI and more than 4 number of medicaments (p<0,001)
 
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Publishing Date
2007-02-01
 
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