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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.7.2009.tde-14052009-101907
Document
Author
Full name
Eliane da Silva Grazziano
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Bianchi, Estela Regina Ferraz (President)
Guido, Laura de Azevedo
Peduzzi, Marina
Peniche, Aparecida de Cassia Giani
Sá, Ana Cristina de
Title in Portuguese
Estratégia para redução do stress e Burnout entre enfermeiros hospitalares
Keywords in Portuguese
Adaptação psicológica
Burnout
Enfermagem
Enfermeiro
Esgotamento profissional
Estresse
Inoculação de stress
Intervenção
Stress ocupacional
Abstract in Portuguese
Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar uma estratégia para redução do burnout entre enfermeiros hospitalares em dois hospitais na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, antes e após a aplicação de um treinamento cognitivo-comportamental, utilizando a técnica de inoculação de stress. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, correlacional com abordagem quantitativa. Na coleta de dados foram utilizados: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MIB), instrumento de percepção e sinais e sintomas de stress, caracterização sócio-demográfica dos participantes e convite para participação no treinamento. Dos 145 questionários entregues 114 (78,62%) foram devolvidos; destes 111 (97,36%) enfermeiros indicaram interesse em participar do treinamento, entretanto somente 32 (28,82%) participaram. O treinamento foi ministrado com carga horária total de 12 horas abordando conceitos de stress, burnout, coping e comunicação interpessoal nas próprias instituições e dentro dos horários de trabalho dos enfermeiros. A análise dos resultados permitiu concluir que o nível de burnout foi considerado entre baixo / moderado para a amostra total (n=111). Para grupo não participante do treinamento (n=79) o maior número de associações positivas e significantes foram nos domínios desgaste emocional e despersonalização. Os níveis de burnout pré e pós-treinamento não sofreram alteração significativa para o grupo treinamento (n=32) e as associações foram positivas e significantes para o domínio incompetência profissional. A maioria dos participantes (21 65,80%) avaliou o treinamento como ótimo; ser aplicável na vida pessoal, no ambiente de trabalho, na interação com clientes, pacientes e na interação com demais profissionais e colegas. A justificativa de não participação dos demais enfermeiros foi a ausência de substituto nos horários dos treinamentos. Conclui-se que a estratégia foi eficiente na sensibilização dos enfermeiros para a problemática e demonstrou ser mais eficaz para redução de escores nos domínios despersonalização e incompetência profissional para esta amostra
Title in English
A strategy to reduce stress and burnout among hospital nurses
Keywords in English
Burnout
Educational intervention
Nurses
Occupational stress
Stress management
Abstract in English
Stress and burnout was recognized at an occupational risk by cause many health and mental problems besides to raise the absenteeism, turnover, and intent to leave among nurse staff around in the world. Burnout is a psychological syndrome with three component conceptualization: emotional exhaustion, depersonalize and diminished personal accomplishment. The burnout reduces the job performances due to job dissatisfaction and forecast of future nurse shortage; in Brazil the problem is the same. The purpose of this study is present the results of a stress management intervention and analyze this impact in a hospital nurse staff. Objectives: To describe a stress intervention using inoculation stress program to reduce the stress and burnout among nurse staff in two hospitals in Brazil and analyze their results. Design: This exploratory descriptive, of quantitative boarding study was developed in two hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil during 2007-2008. A hundred and ten nurses (n=111) participated of the collect data but only 32 nurses concluded the intervention. The data were collected by MIB (Maslach Inventory Burnout), a perceived stress questionnaire (before and pos intervention) and assessment instruments (after intervention) design by the author. At the end of the course an instrument to justified not participation was applied to nurses. The intervention was applied to all groups (four) during job time for six weeks with two hours weekly and the effect size was estimated by Reliable Change Index (RCI). Results: The majority nurses was a low / moderate burnout at the pre and post test; was a positive correlation between perceived stress, depression, anger, smoke compulsion and interesting to participated of the course and diminished personal accomplishment (odds-ratio 2,463). The association between diminished personal accomplishment and sex was positive for male (odd-ratio 5,051). The RCI was positive to 9,4%, for emotional exhaustion, 21,9% for depersonalization and 15,6% for diminished personal accomplishment. Conclusion: The low and moderate degree of burnout found confirm the results of others studies, however the results of RCI and the nurses opinion about the intervention had demonstrated the importance to conduce researches to investigated the reasons why some nurses are burned out while others working at the same environments are not. The educational intervention demonstrated is useful to alert the nurses about the syndrome and offer some strategies to cope with job stressors
 
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Publishing Date
2009-05-19
 
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