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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.64.2008.tde-13052009-144952
Document
Author
Full name
Tanimara Soares da Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Abdalla, Adibe Luiz (President)
Mattos, Wilson Roberto Soares
Silva Filho, José Cleto da
Title in Portuguese
Utilização de fósforo por ovinos: efeitos de diferentes concentrações na absorção real e perdas fecais
Keywords in Portuguese
absorção real
ovinos
perdas fecais
radiofósforo
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a absorção real de fósforo (P), as perdas totais fecais e endógenas do mineral em ovinos alimentados com diferentes concentrações de P na dieta, através da determinação do P inorgânico e radioativo em amostras de sangue, fezes, urina, saliva e líquido do rúmen. Vinte e quatro ovinos machos, castrados, da raça Santa Inês, com peso vivo médio igual a (33,67 ± 1,52) kg e idade média de sete meses foram divididos em dois blocos (períodos) de doze animais cada, num delineamento aleatorizado em blocos. Foram utilizados seis animais por tratamento. Os animais foram alojados em gaiolas para ensaio de metabolismo, sendo oferecida dieta basal contendo farinha de mandioca, farelo de soja, uréia, melaço, mistura mineral, vitamina E e feno de capim Tifton (à vontade) com suplementação em P proveniente de fosfato bicálcico em quantidades suficientes para fornecer 0, 2, 4 e 6 g de P ao dia (T0, T2, T4 e T6), respectivamente. As dietas foram consideradas isocalóricas e isoprotéicas. Nos últimos dois dias do período de adaptação, foram coletadas amostras de sangue, fezes, urina, saliva e líquido do rúmen para a determinação do fósforo inorgânico. Após, foram injetados 7,4 MBq de 'ANTPOT. 32P' ('Na IND.2'H 'ANTPOT. 32P' O IND.4') na jugular de cada animal e durante 7 dias foram coletadas amostras de sangue, fezes e urina a intervalos de 24 horas após a injeção. Nos últimos três dias de experimento foram coletadas amostras de saliva e líquido do rúmen antes da alimentação. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão. As concentrações de P fornecidas na dieta mantiveram normais as concentrações plasmáticas de P. A excreção fecal de P, as perdas endógenas fecais, a absorção real de P e os teores de P no rúmen foram correlacionados ao consumo do mineral. A absorção real e as perdas fecais totais e endógenas apresentaram valores médios de (2,45 ± 1,19) g dia-1, (3,81 ± 2,06) g dia-1 e (1,76 ± 0,91) g dia-1, respectivamente. Foi encontrada correlação positiva entre o consumo de P e os parâmetros P excretado nas fezes (r = 0,96), P endógeno fecal (r = 0,79; P<0.01), P no rúmen (r = 0,71; P<0.01) e absorção real de P (r = 0,85; P<0.01). Em termos percentuais, a absorção real de fósforo foi de 55%, a excreção fecal total de fósforo correspondeu a 84% do total consumido. As perdas endógenas de P representaram 46% do P total excretado e 39% do P ingerido. O máximo recomendado para os animais estudados em função da idade e peso vivo dos mesmos para reduzir a potencialidade de contaminação ambiental corresponde ao valor de 5 g P de ingestão diária por animal.
Title in English
Phosphorus utilization by sheep: effects of different levels on true absorption and fecal losses
Keywords in English
fecal losses
radiophosphorus
sheep
true absorption
Abstract in English
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the true absorption of phosphorus (P), total and endogenous fecal losses of P in sheep fed different levels of P in the diet, determining the inorganic and radioactive P in blood, rumen and saliva content, feces and urine. Twenty four Santa Inês male sheep aged seven months and weighting 33,67±1,52 kg were used in a randomized block design arrangement. The animals were kept individually in metabolic cages, receiving a basal diet, Tyfton hay and different P levels from dicalcium phosphate. Six animals per treatment were used. The treatments consisted of the inclusion of different amounts of dicalcium phosphate to a basal diet to give: 0, 2, 4 and 6 g of supplemental P (treatments T0, T2, T4 and T6, respectively). The basal diet was composed by cassava meal, soybean meal, mineral mixture, urea and vitamin E. The diets were considered isocaloric and isoproteic. At the last two days of the adaptation period samples of blood, saliva and rumen content, feces and urine were collected. At the first day of the collection period, each animal was injected intravenously with 7,4 MBq of 'ANTPOT. 32P' ('Na IND.2'H 'ANTPOT. 32P' O IND.4'). During seven days, samples of blood, feces and urine were collected for the P radioactive measurements. At the last three days of the experiment samples of saliva and rumen content were collected before feeding the animals. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression analysis for the variables related to the levels of P intake. P levels of the diets kept normal P concentrations in the blood. The excretion of faecal P and endogenous P losses, P absorption and rumen P content were dependent of P intake and true absorption, total P in faeces and endogenous P fecal losses corresponded to 2,45 ± 1,19 g day-1, 3,81 ± 2,06 g day-1 and 1,76 ± 0,91 g day-1, respectively. True P absorption was 55% and endogenous losses of P corresponded to 39% of P intake. The total P excreted by feces was 84% of P intake and the endogenous losses corresponded to 46% of total P excreted in feces. There were positive correlations between P intake and the parameters: total fecal P (r = 0,96; P<0.01), endogenous losses of P (r = 0,79; P<0.01), true absorption of P (r = 0,85; P<0.01) and rumen P content (r = 0,71; P<0.01). From the results of the experiment the value of 5 g P intake is the maximum recommended to avoid disturbance to animal physiology and problems os environmental contamination by excretions
 
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Publishing Date
2009-06-09
 
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