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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.61.2016.tde-04032016-161703
Document
Author
Full name
Adna Maressa Pereira Amaral
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Bauru, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Dutka, Jeniffer de Cassia Rillo (President)
Gonçalves, Cristina Guedes de Azevedo Bento
Trawitzki, Luciana Vitaliano Voi
Title in Portuguese
Profundidade da nasofaringe, extensão e espessura do palato mole em brasileiros com diferentes padrões faciais e sem anomalias craniofaciais
Keywords in Portuguese
cefalometria
Desenvolvimento maxilofacial
espessura velar
extensão velar
insuficiência velofaríngea
profundidade da nasofaringe
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivos: Estabelecer a espessura (EPV) e a extensão (ETV) do véu palatino, a profundidade da nasofaringe (PNF) e a razão PNF/ETV para um grupo de indivíduos sem fissura labiopalatina (FLP) e sem disfunção velofaríngea (DVF). Analisar as diferenças nas medidas entre: a) padrões faciais tipo I, II e III; b) sexos; c) as medidas deste estudo e as normativas de Subtelny (1957), e d) as medidas deste estudo e os achados de Souza (2013). Material e método: A EPV, ETV e PNF, e razão PNF/ETV foram mensuradas para um grupo de 234 telerradiografias. As imagens estudadas foram obtidas de um grupo de brasileiros com idades entre 5 e 14 anos e foram agrupadas de acordo com o padrão facial I (N=105), II (N=69) e III (N=60) e distribuídas de acordo com o sexo feminino (N=130) e o masculino (N=104). Após escaneadas usando-se o software Dolphin Imaging (versão 11.5) as medidas de interesse foram estabelecidas usando-se princípios da cefalometria e a razão PNF/ETV foi calculada. As medidas foram comparadas com as normativas de Subtelny (1957) e com os achados de Souza (2013). Resultados: Entre os padrões faciais I, II e III não houve diferença significativa na EPV e na razão PNF/ETV; a ETV foi significativamente menor no padrão III nas idades de 6 e 8 anos; a PNF foi significativamente menor no padrão III na idade de 6 anos. Não houve diferença significativa entre os sexos. No presente estudo o véu palatino foi mais fino do que as normas de Subtelny em todas as idades; o véu também foi mais curto do que as normas entre 8 e 14 de idade; as medidas da profundidade da nasofaringe foram similares às normas com valores ligeiramente abaixo aos 6, 9 e 14 anos e acima aos 5, 6 e 10 anos; a razão PNF/ETV foi maior que a norma aos 9, 11, 12 e 14 anos de idade. Ao comparar os achados com os de Souza (2013) o véu palatino, no presente estudo, foi mais estreito em todas as idades e a extensão foi maior aos 6 e 7 anos e menor aos 12 e 14 anos; a nasofaringe foi mais profunda e a razão PNF/ETV foi maior, exceto aos 14 anos de idade. Conclusão: Normas preliminares com medidas da EPV, ETV, PNF e PNF/ETV foram estabelecidas para indivíduos representativos da diversidade étnico-racial dos brasileiros. Achados diferentes dos de Subtelny (1957) e de Souza (2013) sugerem que brasileiros apresentam variações nas medidas com importância para a interpretação clínica e uso destas informações no processo diagnóstico e na definição da melhor conduta para correção da DVF.
Title in English
Depth of nasopharynx, length and width of soft palate in Brazilians with different facial patterns and without craniofacial anomalies
Keywords in English
Cephalometric
depth of nasopharynx
maxillofacial development
velar length
velar width
velopharyngeal insufficiency
Abstract in English
Objectives: To establish velar width (VW), velar length (VL), depth of nasopharynx (DN) and the ration DN/VL for a group of individuals without cleft lip and palate (CLP) and without velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). To compare measures between: a) facial pattern I, II and III; b) between sexes; c) with Subtelnys norms (1957); d) with Souzas findings (2013). Material and methods: VW, VL, DN and ratio DN/VL was obtained for a group of 234 cephalometric X-ray. The images were obtained from a group of Brazilians with ages between 5 and 14 years which were grouped according to facial pattern I (N=105), II (N=69) and III (N=60) and distributed according to sex, females (N=130) and males (N=104). After scanning the images using the Dolphin Imaging software (version 11.5), the measures were established using cephalometric principles and the ration DN/VL was calculated. The findings were compared to Subtelnys (1957) norms and to Souzas (2013) data. Results: There was no significant difference in VW and ration DN/VL between facial pattern I, II, III; VL was significantly smaller for facial patter III at ages 6 and 8; and DN was significantly smaller for facial patter III at age 6. There was no significant difference for the measures between males and females. VW was narrower in the present study when compared to Subtelnys norms for all ages studied; VL was shorter in the present study when compared to Subtelnys norms between 8 and 14 years; DN was similar to the norms, slightly lower at ages 6, 9 e 14 years and higher at ages 5, 6 e 10 years; ration DN/VL was above the norms at 9, 11, 12 and 14 years. When comparing the findings to Souzas, VW was narrower for all ages; VL was longer at 6 and 7 years and shorter at 12 and 14 years; DN and the ration DN/VL were greater at all ages, except 14 years. Conclusion: Preliminary norms for VW, VL, DN and ration DN/VL were established for a group of individuals representative of the Brazilian Ethnic-racial diversity. Findings were different from Subtelnys and from Souzas suggesting the importance of considering these variations during clinical interpretation and use of this information during the diagnostic process and to identify the most adequate treatment for VPD.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-03-08
 
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