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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.61.2008.tde-18092008-092048
Document
Author
Full name
Trixy Cristina Niemeyer Vilela Alves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Bauru, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Genaro, Katia Flores (President)
Capelozza Filho, Leopoldino
Felicio, Claudia Maria de
Marchesan, Irene Queiroz
Yamashita, Renata Paciello
Title in Portuguese
Análise da produção da fala nas correções cirúrgicas da deformidade dentofacial
Keywords in Portuguese
Avaliação
cirurgia maxilofacial
fissura palatina
sistema estomatognático
transtornos da articulação da fala
Abstract in Portuguese
A fala de indivíduos com mordida cruzada anteroposterior e fissura labiopalatina reparada, antes e após a cirurgia ortognática, foi investigada quanto à: alteração do ponto articulatório (presença e tipo) dos diferentes grupos de fonemas; porcentagem e severidade do comprometimento; e associação com os aspectos estrutural, motor e sensorial. Avaliou-se 20 jovens, antes e 13 após a cirurgia, analisando: a fala (após 5 juízas verificarem as alterações do ponto articulatório) obtendo a porcentagem de consoantes corretas (PCC); a sensibilidade (estesiômetro Semmes-Weinstein - SORRI) e mobilidade (escores de 6 a 18) de lábios e língua; e a audição (limiar do SRT e perda auditiva nas freqüências baixas, médias e altas). Antes da cirurgia, a mediana da PCC (n=20) era 23% (15% em palatais), com comprometimento severo na maioria, passando para 69% (n=13) após a cirurgia (31% em palatais), havendo melhora na fala (p=0,001, N=13), com redução da severidade do comprometimento (p=0,002). Quanto maior o trespasse horizontal negativo antes da cirurgia, menor a PCC (p=0,019) e menor a porcentagem de melhora após a cirurgia (p=0,002). Os indivíduos avaliados apresentaram, antes da cirurgia: comprometimento severo da fala, com alteração do ponto articulatório especialmente dos fonemas labiodentais, linguodentais, e alveolares (principalmente ponto bilabial, interdental e ceceio); após a cirurgia verificou-se modificação significante na porcentagem e severidade do comprometimento da fala, evidenciada nos linguodentais, alveolares e labiodentais e rara variação no tipo de alteração; houve associação entre o aspecto estrutural e a PCC pré-cirúrgica, e entre o aspecto estrutural e o aumento pós-cirúrgico da PCC.
Title in English
Analysis of speech production in surgical corrections of dentofacial deformities
Keywords in English
Cleft palate
evaluation
maxillofacial surgery
speech articulation disorders
stomatognathic system
Abstract in English
The speech of individuals with anteroposterior crossbite and repaired cleft lip and palate, before and after orthognathic surgery, was evaluated as to alteration in the articulation point (presence and type) of the different groups of phonemes; percentage and severity of the disorder; and association with structural, motor and sensorial aspects. Twenty young individuals were evaluated before and 13 after surgery, for analysis of: speech (after 5 examiners analyzed alterations in the articulation point) for achievement of the percentage of correct consonants (PCC); sensitivity (esthesiometer Semmes-Weinstein - SORRI) and mobility (scores from 6 to 18) of the lips and tongue; and hearing (Speech Reception Threshold) and hearing loss at low, medium and high frequencies). Before surgery, the median of the PCC (n=20) was 23% (15% in palatal), with severe disorder in most, changing to 69% (n=13) after surgery (31% in palatal), with an improvement in speech (p=0.001, n=13) and reduction in the severity of disorder (p=0.002). The greater the negative overjet before surgery, the lower was the PCC (p=0.019) and the lower was the percentage of improvement after surgery (p=0.002). Before surgery, the evaluated subjects presented severe speech impairment with alterations in the articulation point, especially of labiodental, dental and alveolar phonemes (especially bilabial point and interdental and lisp); after surgery, there was significant improvement in the percentage and severity of speech impairment, evidenced in dental, alveolar and labiodental phonemes, with rare variation in the type of alteration; there was association between the structural aspect and the preoperative PCC, and between the structural aspect and the postoperative increase in the PCC.
 
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TeseTrixyAlves.pdf (791.14 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2009-02-17
 
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