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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.60.2013.tde-09122013-151125
Document
Author
Full name
Dayana Rubio Gouvea
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Lopes, Norberto Peporine (President)
Gregorio, Luiz Elidio
Gaitani, Cristiane Masetto de
Moraes, Luiz Alberto Beraldo de
Nakamura, Celso Vataru
Title in Portuguese
Estudos in vitro e in vivo do metabolismo dos compostos majoritários presentes no extrato das folhas de Lychnophora salicifolia Mart. (Asteraceae: Vernonieae)
Keywords in Portuguese
ácido lychnofólico
farmacocinética.
Lychnophora salicifolia
metabolismo
vicenina-2
Abstract in Portuguese
A espécie Lychnophora salicifolia Mart. é conhecida popularmente como arnicão e é utilizada como anti-inflamatório e analgésico de uso tópico, além de edulcorante em cachaça. A vicenina-2 é um flavonoide C-glicosilado presente em grande quantidade no extrato hidroalcoólico das folhas e apresenta ação anti-inflamatória, antioxidante, anticâncer entre outras. Outra substância majoritária nesse extrato, o ácido lychnofólico, é um dos responsáveis pela ação antibacteriana e tripanocida do extrato. Devido à necessidade de estudos mais completos envolvendo produtos naturais, neste trabalho estudamos o metabolismo dessas duas moléculas sendo que não foi possível observar a formação de metabólitos in vitro a partir da vicenina-2 e no caso do ácido lychnofólico houve a formação de dois metabólitos pela adição de um átomo de oxigênio na molécula utilizando microssomas hepáticos de ratos. As mesmas substâncias foram formadas utilizando FeTFPP como catalisador e m-CPBA como agente oxidante. Nas reações com microssomas hepáticos humanos foi observada a conjugação do ácido lychnofólico com o ácido glucurônico sendo possível calcular: Vmáx = 272,5 ± 12,75 ?mol/g proteína/hora; Km = 12,38 ±1,218 ?M e o R2 = 0,9980. Os estudos com células Caco-2 indicam que o ácido lychnofólico é rapidamente absorvido por difusão passiva. Já a vicenina-2 em nenhuma condição avaliada atravessou a monocamada de células. Quanto ao perfil farmacocinético do ácido lychnofólico verificou-se um baixíssimo t1/2, alto Cl e alto Vd. Já a vicenina-2 apresentou valores um pouco maiores, mas ainda sim, baixos de t1/2 e Cl e Vd, indicando que ambas as substâncias são rapidamente eliminadas do organismo.
Title in English
In vitro and in vivo metabolism of the major secondary metabolites present in the extract of Lychnophora salicifolia Mart. (Asteraceae: Vernonieae)
Keywords in English
lychnopholic acid
Lychnophora salicifolia
metabolism
pharmacokinetics
vicenin-2
Abstract in English
The species Lychnophora salicifolia Mart. popularly known as "arnicão" is used as an antiinflammatory and topical analgesic agent; it is also employed as flavoring in the Brazilian cachaça. Vicenin-2 is a C-glycoside flavonoid present in large amounts in the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of L. salicifolia and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Another major substance in this extract is lychnopholic acid, which accounts for the antibacterial and trypanocidal actions of the extract. More comprehensive studies involving natural products are necessary; therefore, we studied the metabolism of the two aforementioned molecules. We did not observe the in vitro formation of metabolites from vicenin-2. In the case of lychnopholic acid, we detected the formation of two metabolites using rat liver microsomes, which possibly originated from the addition of an oxygen atom to the acid's molecule. The same substances may also have been produced when we employed FeTFPP as catalyst and m-CPBA as oxidizing agent. In the reactions involving human liver microsomes, we verified that lychnopholic acid conjugation with glucuronic acid and calculated the following parameters: Vmax = 272.5 ± 12.75 ?mol g-1 protein h-1; Km = 12.38 ± 1.218 ?M, and R2 = 0.9980. Studies using Caco-2 cells indicated that lychnopholic acid was quickly absorbed by passive diffusion. On the other hand, vicenin-2 was not transported, suggesting no absorption or efflux of this compound in Caco-2 cells. As for the pharmacokinetic profile, lychnopholic acid presented very low t1/2, high Cl, and very high Vd. Concerning vicenin-2, the t1/2 value was slightly larger, but still rather low, whereas Cl and Vd values were slightly lower, indicating that both substances are quickly eliminated from the body.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-12-20
 
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