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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.60.2018.tde-22052018-152744
Document
Author
Full name
Jacqueline Campos Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Gaspari, Priscyla Daniely Marcato (President)
Jager, Alessandra Vincenzi
Pereira, Lílian Cristina
Ramos, Mônica Freiman de Souza
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento de carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados como sistema de carreamento de extrato de Curcuma longa e avaliação biológica in vitro em células de câncer de bexiga
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer de bexiga; Carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados; Citotoxicidade; Extrato de C. longa; Oleorresina de C. duckei
Abstract in Portuguese
O câncer de bexiga (CB) destaca-se como o segundo tipo de doença mais comum do trato geniturinário e o décimo com maior incidência no Brasil, sendo responsável por cerca de 4020 óbitos por ano. Os dados refletem a baixa eficácia dos tratamentos disponíveis. Assim, novas moléculas e sistemas de liberação estão sendo investigados para terapia intravesical do CB. Nesta linha, as oleorresinas de Copaifera e compostos fenólicos como a curcumina (CM) e demetoxicurcumina (DCM) presentes no extrato de Curcuma longa, têm sido alvo de pesquisas por apresentarem propriedades antitumoral, antiproliferativa e proapoptótica. Contudo, a administração desses compostos em sua forma livre torna-se inviável devido à sua alta lipossolubilidade e instabilidade. Dessa forma, o uso de oleorresina de Copaifera duckei (O-Cd) no preparo de carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados (CLN) para a encapsulação do extrato de C. longa (ECL) poderia ser uma estratégia terapêutica eficaz, além de transpor algumas barreiras da terapia intravesical como a baixa permeação de moléculas no urotélio e seu baixo tempo de residência na bexiga. Assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram preparar e caracterizar CLN (com O-Cd) e CLN imperfeito (sem O-Cd, CLNimp) para a encapsulação de ECL, e avaliar a citotoxicidade desses sistemas carreadores em células de CB. Os CLN e CLNimp, preparados pelo método de emulsão à quente e sonicação, foram caracterizados quanto ao seu diâmetro, índice de polidispersão (PdI), potencial zeta (PZ), cristalinidade, eficiência de encapsulação (EE) por CLAE, capacidade de encapsulação (CE), e morfologia. Além disso, avaliou-se a citotoxicidade dos CLNs com e sem ECL em células RT4 e foram conduzidos estudos de uptake celular. Obteve-se carreadores com diâmetro ao redor de 200 nm, baixo PdI (?0,3) e PZ negativo (~-20 mV). O ECL foi caracterizado e quantificado por CLAE, sendo verificado uma pureza de 97,90% para CM e 99,29% para DCM. Ambas moléculas foram encapsuladas nos dois CLNs com alta EE (~70%). A encapsulação do ECL não alterou de forma significativa as propriedades físicas dos CLNs. Os dois tipos de CLNs apresentaram baixo índice de recristalização (~60%), forma esférica e superfície lisa. Os CLN e CLNimp foram estáveis no período de 420 e 270 dias, respectivamente. Já os CLN-ECL e CLNimp-ECL foram estáveis por 90 dias. O IC50 dos CLN sem ECL (0,019x1012 partículas/mL) foi menor que o IC50 dos CLNimp sem ECL (>0,061x1012 partículas/mL). O encapsulamento do ECL pelos CLNs não alterou significativamente seu IC50 nos períodos de incubação avaliados. Já o encapsulamento do ECL pelos CLNimp diminuiu o IC50 (19,15 ?g/mL) (0,047x1012 partículas/mL) em relação ao CLNimp vazio. Observou-se maior uptake celular dos carreadores com ECL em relação ao ECL livre. Além disso, foi observada fragmentação do núcleo das células que internalizaram CLN-ECL. As interessantes propriedades físicas e biológicas apresentadas pelos sistemas CLN vazio e CLNimp-ECL indicam seu potencial terapêutico e os tornam promissores para futura terapia do câncer de bexiga.
Title in English
Development of nanostructured lipid carriers as carrier system of Curcuma longa extract and in vitro biological evaluation in bladder cancer cells
Keywords in English
Bladder cancer; C. duckei oleoresin; C. long extract; Cytotoxicity; Nanostructured lipid carriers
Abstract in English
Bladder cancer (BC) stands out as the second most common genitourinary disease type and the tenth one with the highest incidence in Brazil, being responsible for about 4020 deaths per year. The data reflect the low efficacy of the available treatments. Thus, new molecules and release systems are being investigated for intravesical BC therapy. In this line, Copaifera oleoresins and phenolic compounds such as curcumin (CM) and demethoxycurcumin (DCM) present in Curcuma longa extract, have been the subject of research because they have antitumor, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties. However, administration of these compounds in their free form becomes infeasible due to their high liposolubility and instability. Therefore, the use of Copaifera duckei oleoresin (Cd-O) in the preparation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for the encapsulation of C. longa extract (CLE) could be an effective therapeutic strategy, in addition to transposing some barriers of intravesical therapy such as the low permeation of molecules in the urothelium and its low residence time in the bladder. Thus, the aims of the present study were to prepare and characterize NLC (with Cd-O) and imperfect NLC (without Cd-O, NLCimp) for the encapsulation of CLE, and to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these carrier systems in BC cells. The NLC and NLCimp, prepared by the hot emulsion and sonication method, were characterized by their diameter, polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP), crystallinity, encapsulation efficiency (EE) by HPLC, encapsulation capacity (EC) and morphology. In addition, the cytotoxicity of NLCs with and without CLE was evaluated in RT4 cells and cell uptake studies were conducted. Carriers with diameter about 200 nm, low PdI (<0.3) and negative ZP (~-20 mV) were obtained. ECL was characterized and quantified by HPLC with a purity of 97.90% for CM and 99.29% for DCM. Both molecules were encapsulated in the two NLCs with high EE (~70%). The encapsulation of CLE did not significantly alter the physical properties of NLCs. Both NLCs presented low recrystallization index (~60%), spherical shape and smooth surface. The NLC and NLCimp were stable over 420 and 270 days, respectively. On the other hand, NLC-CLE and NLCimp-CLE were stable for 90 days. The IC50 of NLC without CLE (0.019x1012 particles/mL) was lower than the IC50 of NLCimp without CLE (> 0.061x1012 particles/mL). The encapsulation of CLE by NLCs did not significantly alter its IC50 in the incubation periods evaluated. The encapsulation of CLE by the NLCimp decreased its IC50 (19.15 ?g/mL) (0.047x1012 particles/mL) in relation to the empty CLNimp. It was observed higher cellular uptake of the carriers with CLE in relation to free CLE. In addition, fragmentation of the nucleus of the cells that internalized NLC-CLE was observed. The interesting physical and biological properties presented by empty NLC and NLCimp-CLE systems indicate their therapeutic potential and make them promising for future bladder cancer therapy
 
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Publishing Date
2018-06-26
 
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