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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.60.2012.tde-26102012-154056
Document
Author
Full name
Henrique Dantas de Menezes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Braga, Gilberto Ubida Leite (President)
Kress, Marcia Regina von Zeska
Tedesco, Antonio Claudio
Title in Portuguese
Inativação fotodinâmica de conídios dos fungos Aspergillus nidulans, Colletotrichum acutatum e Colletotrichum gloeosporioides com fotossensibilizadores fenotiazínicos e cumarínicos
Keywords in Portuguese
Aspergillus nidulans
Colletotrichum acutatum
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Fotobiologia de fungos
Tratamento fotodinâmico antifúngico
Abstract in Portuguese
O tratamento fotodinâmico antifúngico (APDT) é um método promissor que combina um fotossensibilizador não tóxico (FS), oxigênio e luz visível para provocar a morte seletiva das células microbianas. O desenvolvimento do APDT depende da identificação de FS que sejam eficazes para as diferentes espécies de patógenos. No presente estudo, as suscetibilidades, in vitro, de conídios de Colletotrichum acutatum, C. gloeosporioides (ambas são espécies fitopatogênicas) e Aspergillus nidulans ao APDT com quatro FS fenotiazínicos [azul de metileno (MB), novo azul de metileno N (NMBN), azul de toluidina O (TBO) e o novo fenotiazínico pentacíclico S137 (S137)] em combinação com a luz vermelha, foram investigadas. Nós também avaliamos a suscetibilidade dos conídios de C. acutatum e A. nidulans ao APDT com o psoraleno 8-metóxipsoraleno (8-MOP), com duas cumarinas (7- metoxicumarina e 5,7-dimetóxicumarina) e com uma furanocumarina (isopimpinelina) em combinação com a radiação solar. Ambas as cumarinas e a furanocumarinas foram extraídas, no presente trabalho, do limão Tahiti (Citrus latifolia). Os efeitos dos tratamentos com os diferentes FS nas folhas de laranja-pera (Citrus sinensis) também foram avaliados. O NMBN e o S137 foram os fenotiazínicos mais eficazes. Os APDT com o NMBN (50 ?M) e S137 (10 ?M) e dose de luz de 25 J cm-2 resultaram na redução de aproximadamente 5 logs na sobrevivência dos conídios das três espécies. O APDT com o 8-MOP e com as cumarinas resultaram em uma redução de aproximadamente 4 logs na sobrevivência dos conídios de C. acutatum e A. nidulans. O APDT com a furanocumarina foi menos efetivo e resultou em uma redução na sobrevivência dos conídios de aproximadamente dois logs para C. acutatum e de três logs para A. nidulans. Nenhum dano nas folhas foi observado quando os FS foram colocados na superfície adaxial das folhas. Os estudos histológicos mostraram que nenhum dos FS fenotiazínicos atravessou a cutícula das folhas.
Title in English
Photodynamic inactivation of conidia of the fungi Aspergillus nidulans, Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with phenothiazinium and coumarinium photosensitizers
Keywords in English
Antifungal photodynamic treatment
Aspergillus nidulans
C. gloeosporioides
Colletotrichum acutatum
Fungal photobiology
Abstract in English
Antifungal photodynamic treatment (APDT) is a promising method that combines a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS), oxygen and visible light to cause selective killing of microbial cells. The development of APDT depends on identifying effective PS for the different pathogenic species. In the present study, the in vitro susceptibilities of Colletotrichum acutatum, C. gloeosporioides (both are phytophatogenic species) and Aspergillus nidulans conidia to APDT with four phenothiazinium PS [methylene blue (MB), new methylene blue N (NMBN), toluidine blue O (TBO) and the novel pentacicyclic phenothiazinium S137 (S137)] in combination with red light were investigated. We also evaluated the susceptibilities of C. acutatum and A. nidulans conidia to APDT with the psoralen 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), with two coumarins (7-methoxicoumarin and 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin) and one furanocoumarin (isopimpinelin) in combination with solar radiation. Both the coumarins and the furanocoumarin were extracted, in the present work, from Tahiti lemon (Citrus latifolia). The effects of the treatments with all the PS on Citrus sinensis leaves were also evaluated. NMBN and S137 were the more effective phenothiazinium PS. APDT with NMBN (50 ?M) and S137 (10 ?M) and light dose of 25 J cm-2 resulted in a reduction of approximately 5 logs in the survival of the conidia of the three species. APDT with 8-MOP and with the coumarins resulted in a reduction of approximately 4 logs in the survival of C. acutatum and A. nidulans conidia. APDT with the furanocumarin was less effective and resulted in the reduction of approximately 2 logs for C. acutatum and 3 logs for A. nidulans. No damages to the leaves were observed when the PS were spotted on the adaxial surface of the leaves and the plants were exposed to solar radiation. Histological studies showed that the phenothiazinium PS did not cross the leave cuticle.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-11-09
 
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