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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.60.2011.tde-27092011-184554
Document
Author
Full name
Marcia Cristina da Silva Faria
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Antonio Cardozo dos (President)
Carrara, Helio Humberto Angotti
Queiroz, Regina Helena Costa
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da interferência do diabetes na biodistribuição e na atividade antitumoral da cisplatina em camundongos
Keywords in Portuguese
Atividade antitumoral
Cisplatina
Diabetes
Estresse oxidativo
Nefroproteção
Abstract in Portuguese
A cisplatina (Cis-diamino-dicloro-platina II) é um dos mais efetivos quimioterápicos, porém seu uso clínico é altamente limitado devido à sua nefrotoxicidade. Estudos sugerem que o diabetes atua como fator protetor contra a nefrotoxicidade da cisplatina, entretanto, os mecanismos envolvidos ainda não foram elucidados. Esta nefroproteção tem sido associada ao menor acúmulo de cisplatina nos rins, o que poderia ser atribuído a problemas no transporte ativo das células do túbulo proximal ou ainda a alterações farmacocinéticas provocadas pelo diabetes. Entretanto, não se sabe ainda se os mecanismos envolvidos na nefroproteção do diabetes interferem na atividade antitumoral da cisplatina. No presente estudo foram avaliados os efeitos do diabetes na nefrotoxicidade e na atividade antitumoral da cisplatina em camundongos portadores de sarcoma 180, divididos em 4 grupos (n=8): (i) C, grupo controle (sem tratamento); (ii) CIS, grupo tratado com cisplatina; (iii) DB, grupo diabético (estreptozotocina) e (iv) DB+CIS grupo diabético tratado com cisplatina. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: marcadores de função renal e de estresse oxidativo, histopatologia do tecido renal, desenvolvimento do tumor, sobrevida dos animais, genotoxicidade da cisplatina, concentração de platina nos órgãos e no tumor e marcadores de apoptose. Os resultados indicam que: (i) o diabetes protege contra o dano renal induzido pela cisplatina (ii) o diabetes altera a biodistribuição da cisplatina no tumor, nos rins e em vários órgãos; (iii) o diabetes diminui a atividade antitumoral da cisplatina. Os dados obtidos são relevantes, dada a prevalência de certos tipos de tumores em pacientes diabéticos e a importância da cisplatina na quimioterapia e, portanto, podem indicar a necessidade de uma maior atenção no tratamento anticâncer de pacientes diabéticos.
Title in English
Evaluation of the interference of diabetes in the biodistribution and antitumor activity
Keywords in English
antitumor activity
cisplatin
diabetes
nephroprotection
oxidative stress
Abstract in English
Cisplatin (cis-diamine-dichloro-platinum ll) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs; however, its clinical use is highly restricted due to its nephrotoxicity. Studies suggest that diabetes is a protective factor against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This nephroprotection has been associated with decreased cisplatin accumulation in the kidneys, which could be attributed to impaired active transport in proximal tubular cells or even to pharmacokinetic changes induced by diabetes. However, it is not clear if the mechanisms involved in the renal protection of diabetes interfere in the antitumor activity of cisplatin. In the present study we evaluated the effects of diabetes on the nephrotoxicity and antitumor activity of cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice, divided in four groups (n=8): (i) C, control group (without treatment); (ii) CIS, cisplatin group; (iii) DB, diabetic group (streptozotocin) and (iv) DB+CIS, diabetic group treated with cisplatin. The following parameters were evaluated: markers of renal function and oxidative stress, renal histopathology, tumor development, animals survival, cisplatin genotoxicity, platinum concentration in organs and tumor and markers of apoptosis. Our results indicate that: (i) diabetes protects against the renal damage induced by cisplatin (ii) diabetes alters the biodistribution of cisplatin in tumor, kidneys and many other organs (iii) diabetes decreases the antitumor activity of cisplatin. These data are relevant due to the prevalence of certain tumors in diabetic patients and the importance of cisplatin in chemotherapy; therefore they may indicate the need of more attention in cancer treatment in diabetic patients
 
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Publishing Date
2011-11-17
 
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